Setting the Scene: Academic and Scientific Freedom in Article 13 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Academic freedom and freedom of scientific research are enshrined in Article 13 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. For the longest time, however, this Charter article received practically no or very little attention in both scholarship and EU institutional and jurisprudential practice. The developments are many and rapid, and need to be assessed against the Art. 13 CFR-standard whose content is work-in-progress in judicial and policy practice as well as academic work. This symposium seeks to shed light on all of this and stimulate much needed further reflection.