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The Rise, Fall, and Aftermath of Take-Home Research Projects

  • Linda Herrera (author)
  • Heba Shama (author)
Chapter of: Education 2.0: Chronicles of Technological and Cultural Change in Egypt(pp. 437–456)
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Title The Rise, Fall, and Aftermath of Take-Home Research Projects
ContributorLinda Herrera (author)
Heba Shama (author)
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0489.25
Landing pagehttps://www.openbookpublishers.com/books/10.11647/obp.0489/chapters/10.11647/obp.0489.25
Licensehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
CopyrightLinda Herrer; Heba Shama;
PublisherOpen Book Publishers
Published on2025-11-17
Long abstract

In March 2020, schools across Egypt closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Ministry of Education and Technical Education (MOETE) cancelled the traditional end-of-year in-school exams in the transitional years of Grades 3-9 and replaced them with a take-home research project. The very idea of a project went against deeply engrained norms and practices around assessments. This chapter traces the rise, fall, and aftermath of the research projects. It draws on official Ministry communication and social media monitoring combined with in-depth interviews with teachers, parents, and students. Rather than judge this experiment in assessments in simple terms of ‘success’ or ‘failure’, the projects allow us to understand the agility of the predatory education marketplace, the prevalence of a ‘people versus the state’ ethos, how cultures of learning change from the top down and bottom up, and ways that behaviors that begin online spread into mainstream culture and alter education practices.

Page rangepp. 437–456
Print length20 pages
LanguageEnglish (Original)
Locations
Landing PageFull text URLPlatform
PDFhttps://www.openbookpublishers.com/books/10.11647/obp.0489/chapters/10.11647/obp.0489.25Landing pagehttps://books.openbookpublishers.com/10.11647/obp.0489.25.pdfFull text URL
HTMLhttps://www.openbookpublishers.com/books/10.11647/obp.0489/chapters/10.11647/obp.0489.25Landing pagehttps://books.openbookpublishers.com/10.11647/obp.0489/ch25.xhtmlFull text URLPublisher Website
Contributors

Linda Herrera

(author)
Professor in the Department of Education Policy, Organization and Leadership in the Global Studies in Education program at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Linda Herrera is Professor in the Department of Education Policy, Organization and Leadership in the Global Studies in Education program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. She was director of the Education 2.0 Research and Documentation Project in Egypt and served as an international education advisor. A social anthropologist with expertise in the Middle East and North Africa, her research and teaching cover a range of areas including education and power, youth studies, citizenship education and critical democracy, technology and society, and international education development. Her books include, Educating Egypt: Civic Values and Ideological Struggles (American University in Cairo Press, 2022), Global Middle East: Into the Twenty-First Century (with A. Bayat, University of California Press, 2021), Revolution in the Age of Social Media (Verso, 2014), Wired Citizenship: Youth Learning and Activism in the Middle East (Routledge, 2014), Being Young and Muslim: New Cultural Politics in the Global South and North (with A. Bayat, Oxford University Press, 2010), and Cultures of Arab Schooling: Critical Ethnographies from Egypt (with C. A. Torres, State University of New York Press, 2006).

Heba Shama

(author)

Heba Shama holds an M.A. in Anthropology and Development

Management from the London School of Economics and Political

Science, and a Bachelor’s in Architectural Engineering from the

American University in Cairo. A development professional with

expertise in sustainable community development, policymaking,

heritage documentation, and social inclusion in the Arab region, she

has held key positions at the United Nations, including Officer for

the Agenda 2030 and SDGs Coordination Cluster at UNESCWA, and

Programme Coordinator at UNESCO’s Regional Office for Arab States.

Her research interests include policymaking in the Arab region, heritage

and socio-economic studies, and ethnographic methods.

References
  1. Ali, Mahmoud. 2020. ‘“No Research Instead of Exams”: The Minister of Education Decides The Fate of The Year’s Grades’, 21 December, Masrawy https://bit.ly/3aQilxY
  2. CAPMAS (Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics). 2021. ‘A.R.E - Annual Bulletin of Education Statistics in Training Institutions (Schools - Institutes - Training Centers) following Governmental and Private Sector 2020/2021’, CAPMAS, https://censusinfo.capmas.gov.eg/Metadata-en-v4.2/index.php/catalog/573
  3. Datareportal. 2021. ‘Digital 2021: Egypt’, 11 February, Datareportal, https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2021-egypt
  4. Diary of an Egyptian teacher Group (Yawmiaat ʾAlmuʿalim Almisri). n.d. Facebook, https://ar-ar.facebook.com/groups/185783038443532/
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  6. Education 2.0 Research and Documentation Project. 2020b. M’inistry of Education Egypt Response to Covid-19: Exams & Assessments (19 March, 2020) (2/2)’, 6 December, YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3itAtL04NE
  7. Education 2.0 Research and Documentation Project. 2023. ‘Argument of Parliament’s Education Committee with Tarek Shawki about Teacher Training from May 6, 2018’, 6 May, YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ql3umwvoLd4
  8. Egyptian Mothers Union to Advance Education Facebook Group. n.d. Facebook, https://www.facebook.com/groups/727915997388438
  9. Egyptian Parents Union: The Interest of Our Children Is Above All. n.d. Facebook, https://www.facebook.com/groups/1319023154791469/
  10. Egyptian Teachers Union Group. n.d. Facebook, https://m.facebook.com/groups/egy.teacher.union/
  11. General Authority for Information. 2020. ‘A Plan to Limit the Spread of the Corona Virus in Conjunction with the Return of Schools’, 10 September.
  12. al-Hekaya. 2020. ‘Minister of Education: “We Will Not Stop the Educational Process Under Any Circumstances”’. 29 November, Al Hekaya on Facebook, https://www.facebook.com/Elhekayashow/videos/3176380442466316/
  13. Herrera, Linda, and Shama, Heba. 2020. ‘When Educational Research Goes Remote: Lessons from A Pilot Study in Egypt During Covid-19’, 28 August, Education 2.0 Research and Documentation Project, https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MFEbT27F52bawAolskQM1bfCFcuFt5nW/view
  14. Ministry of Education and Technical Education (MOETE). 2022. ‘Dr. Tarek Shawki, Minister of Education and Technical Education received Professor Wedad Hamdi, Head of the Examination Committee’, 7 February, MOETE Facebook, https://www.facebook.com/egypt.moe/videos/1131586587626686/
  15. Oxford Business Group. 2020. ‘How Will Egypt Reform Its Education System?’, Oxford Business Group Reports, https://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/overview/forging-ahead-new-reforms-investment-and-initiatives-are-aimed-fixing-ongoing-problems-and
  16. PR Newswire. 2020. ‘NetDragon’s Edmodo Chosen as the Designated Online Learning Platform in Egypt for Immediate Nationwide Rollout’, 20 March, PR Newswire, https://www.prnewswire.com/in/news-releases/netdragon-s-edmodo-chosen-as-the-designated-online-learning-platform-in-egypt-for-immediate-nationwide-rollout-894916199.html
  17. PR Newswire. 2022. ‘Net Dragon Announces Fiscal Year 2021 Financial Results: Revenue and Opening Profits Both Hitting New High’, 29 March, PR Newswire, https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/netdragon-announces-fiscal-year-2021-financial-results-301512675.html
  18. Shawki, Tarek. 2020a. ‘Press Conference: End of Year Assessments and Digital Resources During Covid-19’, 19 March, MOETE, Facebook, https://www.facebook.com/tshawki/videos/10222860204678325/
  19. Shawki, Tarek. 2020b. ‘One Day After Announcing the Research Projects, I Saw This Video of an Egyptian Girl in the Fifth Grade of Primary School in A Government School in Kafr Saad, Damietta Governorate. Look at This Girl’s Intelligence and Deep Understanding of the Subject. Egypt Is Fine and Its Children Are Fine’, 10 April, Facebook, https://www.Facebook.Com/Tshawki/Videos/10223128119816036
  20. Shawki, Tarek. 2022. ‘Minister Tarek Shawki Discusses Problem of Cheating During Exams with Wedad Hamdi’, Education 2.0 Research and Documentation Project, Facebook, https://www.facebook.com/egypt.moe/videos/1131586587626686
  21. Statista. 2022. ‘Number of Internet Users in Egypt in June 2020, by Type’, Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1298140/egypt-internet-users-number-by-type/
  22. TeN TV. 2020. ‘Dr. Tariq Shawqi Explains How to Deal with Models of Research Projects for the Transition Years’, 19 March, TeN TV, YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwprp5HAWKo
  23. al-Watan. 2020. ‘Minister of Education: “Exams Will Be Normal... And We Have Cancelled the Research System’, 21 December, al-Watan, https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/5158733
  24. World Bank, Harvard, OECD. 2020. ‘Lessons Learned from Egypt during the Pandemic: Implementing Digital Technologies to Support Remote Learning and Student Assessment/Webinar’, 9 July, World Bank Group, https://www.worldbank.org/en/events/2020/07/09/joint-oecd-harvard-hundred-world-bank-webinar-accelerating-modernization-of-education-in-egypt
  25. Youm7. 2020a. ‘Minister of Education: The Fate of Teachers as Schools Temporarily Close Within 48 Hours’, 14 March, Youm7, https://bit.ly/3nEDbmV
  26. Youm7. 2020b. ‘Minister of Education: There Is No Room for Closing Schools… And We Will Not Conduct Research Again’, 30 November, Youm7, https://www.a.com/story/2020/11/30
  27. Youm7. 2021. ‘Tarek Shawki Reveals the Reason for not Relying on Research Projects: He confirms “They Were Sold on the Sidewalks!’, 14 February, Youm7.

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