Characters in Film and Other Media: Theory, Analysis, Interpretation
Title | Characters in Film and Other Media |
---|---|
Subtitle | Theory, Analysis, Interpretation |
Contributor | Jens Eder(author) |
Jens Eder(translator) | |
Stephen Lowry (translator) | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0283 |
Landing page | https://www.openbookpublishers.com/books/10.11647/obp.0283 |
License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
Copyright | Jens Eder; |
Publisher | Open Book Publishers |
Publication place | Cambridge, UK |
Published on | 2025-07-29 |
ISBN | 978-1-80064-248-5 (Paperback) |
978-1-80064-249-2 (Hardback) | |
978-1-80064-250-8 (PDF) | |
978-1-80064-668-1 (HTML) | |
978-1-80064-251-5 (EPUB) | |
Short abstract | Characters are central to the creation and experience of films and other media. Their cultural significance is profound, but they also raise a wide range of questions. This book provides a comprehensive theory that guides the analysis and interpretation of characters across four dimensions: as represented beings with physical, psychological, and social characteristics; as artefacts with aesthetic structures; as meaningful symbols; and as symptoms of socio-cultural origins and effects. Integrating insights from film, media, and literary studies as well as philosophy, psychology and sociology, the book offers a broad range of approaches for understanding characters and the emotional responses they evoke. |
Long abstract | Characters are central to the creation and experience of films and other media. Their cultural significance is profound, but they also raise a wide range of questions. This book provides a comprehensive theory that guides the analysis and interpretation of characters across four dimensions: as represented beings with physical, psychological, and social characteristics; as artefacts with aesthetic structures; as meaningful symbols; and as symptoms of socio-cultural origins and effects. Integrating insights from film, media, and literary studies as well as philosophy, psychology and sociology, the book offers a broad range of approaches for understanding characters and the emotional responses they evoke. Richly illustrated and offering practical tools, along with case studies of numerous characters from different genres of films, this book will be invaluable to scholars and students of film and media studies and related disciplines, as well as artistic practitioners. |
Print length | 874 pages (xxxii+842) |
Language | English (Original) |
Dimensions | 178 x 60 x 254 mm | 7" x 2.36" x 10" (Paperback) |
178 x 46 x 254 mm | 7" x 1.81" x 10" (Hardback) | |
Weight | 2014g | 71.04oz (Paperback) |
1720g | 60.67oz (Hardback) | |
Media | 96 illustrations |
13 tables | |
THEMA |
|
BIC |
|
BISAC |
|
Keywords |
|
Funding |
|
Introduction
(pp. 1–22)- Jens Eder
2. Research on Characters: An Overview (T)
(pp. 25–50)- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
4. A Basic Model for Analysis: The Character Clock
(pp. 117–148)- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
- Jens Eder
Jens Eder
(author)Jens Eder is Professor of Dramaturgy and Aesthetics at Film University Babelsberg in Potsdam, Germany. His research focuses on the intersections of audiovisual media, narrative, and society. He has published books and articles on narrative theory, characters, emotions, political documentaries, video activism on social media, and image operations in societal conflicts. Currently he is heading the research group ‘Film as a Catalyst of Social Transformation’, which investigates the impact of engaged films.
Jens Eder
(translator)Jens Eder is Professor of Dramaturgy and Aesthetics at Film University Babelsberg in Potsdam, Germany. His research focuses on the intersections of audiovisual media, narrative, and society. He has published books and articles on narrative theory, characters, emotions, political documentaries, video activism on social media, and image operations in societal conflicts. Currently he is heading the research group ‘Film as a Catalyst of Social Transformation’, which investigates the impact of engaged films.
Stephen Lowry
(translator)- Abell, Catharine. 2020. Fiction: A Philosophical Analysis (Oxford: Oxford University Press), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831525.001.0001
- Abels, Heinz. 2006. Identität (Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften)
- AFI American Film Institute (ed.). n.d. ‘AFI’s 100 Years…100 Heroes & Villains’, American Film Institute https://www.afi.com/afis-100-years-100-heroes-villians/
- Alber, Jan. 2017. ‘The Representation of Character Interiority in Film: Cinematic Versions of Psychonarration, Free Indirect Discourse and Direct Thought’, in Emerging Vectors of Narratology, ed. by Per Krogh Hansen et al. (Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter), pp. 265–84, https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110555158-014
- Alkin, Ömer, and Alena Strohmaier (eds). 2024. Rassismus im Film (Marburg: Schüren)
- Allen, Richard. 1999. ‘Psychoanalytic Film Theory’, in A Companion to Film Theory, ed. by Toby Miller and Robert Stam (Oxford: Blackwell), pp. 123–45
- Allen, Richard, and Murray Smith (eds). 1997. Film Theory and Philosophy (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
- Allen, Woody, and Brickman Marshall. 2001. ‘Script of Annie Hall’, https://www.scriptslug.com/script/annie-hall-1977
- Allport, Gordon, and Henry S. Odbert. 1936. ‘Trait-Names: A Psycho-Lexical Study’, Psychological Monographs, 47.1: i–171
- Almog, Shulamit, and Amnon Reichman. 2004. ‘Casablanca: Judgment and Dynamic Enclaves in Law and Cinema’, Osgoode Hall Law Journal, 42.2: 201–27, https://doi.org/10.60082/2817-5069.1378
- Anderson, Amanda, Rita Felski, and Toril Moi. 2019. Character. Three Inquiries in Literary Studies (Chicago: University of Chicago Press)
- Anderson, Benedict R. O’G. 2006. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism, rev. edn (London: Verso)
- Anderson, John R. 1985. Cognitive Psychology and Its Implications, 2nd edn (New York: Worth Publishers)
- Anderson, Joseph D. 1996. The Reality of Illusion (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press)
- Anderson, Joseph D., and Barbara Fisher-Anderson (eds). 2005. Moving Image Theory: Ecological Considerations (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press)
- Andringa, Els. 2004. ‘The Interface Between Fiction and Life: Patterns of Identification in Reading Autobiographies’, Poetics Today, 25.2: 205–40, https://doi.org/10.1215/03335372-25-2-205
- Ang, Ien. 1990. ‘Culture and Communication: Towards an Ethnographic Critique of Media Consumption in the Transnational Media System’, European Journal of Communication, 5.2–3: 238–60, https://doi.org/10.1177/026732319000500200
- Ang, Ien. 1996. ‘Melodramatic Identifications. Television Fiction and Women’s Fantasy’, in Ang, Living Room Wars: Rethinking Media Audiences for a Postmodern World (London: Routledge), pp. 72–82
- Angerer, Marie-Luise, Bernd Bösel, and Michaela Ott (eds). 2014. Timing of Affect: Epistemologies, Aesthetics, Politics (Berlin/Zürich: Diaphanes)
- Antor, Heinz. 1998. ‘Diegese’, in Metzler Lexikon Literatur- und Kulturtheorie, ed. by Ansgar Nünning (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler), pp. 93–94
- Antunes, Luis Rocha. 2016. The Multisensory Film Experience: A Cognitive Model of Experiential Film Aesthetics (Bristol: Intellect), https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv36xw61s
- Argyle, Michael. 2004. Bodily Communication, 7th edn (London/New York: Routledge)
- Arijon, Daniel. 1976. Grammar of the Film Language (Boston: Focal Press)
- Aristotle. 1902. Poetics of Aristotle, ed. by S. H. Butcher, 4th edn (London: Macmillan)
- Armes, Roy. 1994. Action and Image: Dramatic Structure in Cinema (Manchester/New York: Manchester University Press)
- Arnheim, Rudolf. 2002. Film als Kunst (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp)
- Asendorpf, Jens B. 2002. ‘Persönlichkeit’, in Wörterbuch der Soziologie, ed. by Günter Endruweit and Gisela Trommsdorf, 2nd edn (Stuttgart: UVK/Lucius), pp. 398–401
- Asendorpf, Jens B. 2005. Psychologie der Persönlichkeit mit 111 Tabellen, 3rd edn (Heidelberg: Springer)
- Asmuth, Bernhard. 1997a. ‘Charakter’, in Reallexikon der deutschen Literaturwissenschaft, ed. by Klaus Weimar and Harald Fricke (Berlin/New York: De Gruyter), I, pp. 297–99
- Asmuth, Bernhard. 1997b. Einführung in die Dramenanalyse, 5th edn (Stuttgart/Weimar: J.B. Metzler)
- Attwood, Lynne (ed.). 1993. Red Women on the Silver Screen: Soviet Women and Cinema from the Beginning to the End of the Communist Era (London: Rivers Oram Press)
- Augé, Marc. 2009. Casablanca: Movies and Memory (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press)
- Aumont, Jacques, et al. 1992. Aesthetics of Film, trans. by Richard Neupert (Austin: University of Texas Press)
- Baasner, Rainer. 1996. Methoden und Modelle der Literaturwissenschaft: Eine Einführung (Berlin: Erich Schmidt)
- Bacon, Henry. 2005. ‘Synthesizing Approaches in Film Theory’, The Journal of Moving Image Studies, 3.1: 4–12
- Bae, Sang-Joon. 2005. Rainer Werner Fassbinder und seine filmästhetische Stilisierung (Remscheid: Gardez)
- Baird, Robert. 2000. ‘The Startle Effect: Implications for Spectator Cognition and Media Theory’, Film Quarterly, 53.3: 12–24, https://doi.org/10.2307/1213732
- Bakels, Jan-Hendrik, and Hermann Kappelhoff. 2011. ‘Das Zuschauergefühl: Möglichkeiten qualitativer Medienanalyse’, Zeitschrift für Medienwissenschaft, 3.2: 78–96, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/2623
- Bal, Mieke. 2002. Narratology: Introduction to the Theory of Narrative, 2nd edn (Toronto: University of Toronto Press)
- Balázs, Béla. 2001. Der sichtbare Mensch oder die Kultur des Films (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp)
- Bandura, Albert. 1975. ‘Analysis of Modeling Processes’, School Psychology Review, 4.1: 4–10, https://doi.org/10.1080/02796015.1975.12086341
- Barasch, Moshe. 1991. Imago Hominis: Studies in the Language of Art (Vienna: IRSA)
- Barck, Joanna, and Wolfgang Beilenhoff. 2004. ‘Das Gesicht im Film und seine sekundären Inszenierungen’, Montage AV, 13.1: 6–11, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/176
- Barker, Martin. 2006. ‘News, Reviews, Clues, Interviews and Other Ancillary Materials: A Critique and Research Proposal’, 21st Century Film Studies: A Scope Reader, 5, http://www.scope.nottingham.ac.uk/reader/chapter.php?id=2
- Barker, Martin, and Thomas Austin. 2000. From Antz to Titanic: Reinventing Film Analysis (London: Pluto Press)
- Bar-On, Dan. 2006. ‘Review of Stereotypes and Prejudice in Conflict: Representations of Arabs in Israeli-Jewish Society’, Israel Studies, 11.2: 75–80, https://doi.org/10.1353/is.2006.0014
- Barratt, Daniel. 2006. ‘Tracing the Routes to Empathy: Association, Simulation, or Appraisal?’, Film Studies, 8.1: 39–52, https://doi.org/10.7227/FS.8.6
- Barratt, Daniel, and Jonathan Korte (eds). 2006. ‘Film, Cognition, and Emotion’. Film Studies: An International Review, 8
- Barsch, Achim. 2000. Menschenbilder: Zur Pluralisierung der Vorstellung von der menschlichen Natur (1850–1914), ed. by Peter M. Hejl (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp)
- Bar-Tal, Daniel, and Yona Teichman (eds). 2005. Stereotypes and Prejudice in Conflict: Representations of Arabs in Israeli Jewish Society (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Barthes, Roland. 1974. S/Z: An Essay (New York: Hill and Wang)
- Barthes, Roland. 1983. The Fashion System (New York: Hill and Wang)
- Bartov, Omer. 2005. The ‘Jew’ in Cinema: From the Golem to Don’t Touch My Holocaust (Bloomington: Indiana University Press)
- Bartsch, Anne. 2008. ‘Meta-Emotion: How Films and Music Videos Communicate Emotions About Emotion’, Projections, 2.1: 45–59, https://doi.org/10.3167/proj.2008.020104
- Bartsch, Anne, and Susanne Hübner. 2004. Emotionale Kommunikation: Ein integratives Modell (unpublished dissertation, University of Halle), http://dx.doi.org/10.25673/2644
- Bartsch, Anne, Jens Eder, and Kathrin Fahlenbrach (eds). 2007. Audiovisuelle Emotionen: Emotionsdarstellung und Emotionsvermittlung durch audiovisuelle Medienangebote (Cologne: Herbert von Halem)
- Baudry, Jean-Louis. 1974. ‘The Ideological Effects of the Basic Cinematic Apparatus’, Film Quarterly, 28.2: 39–47, https://doi.org/10.2307/1211632
- Bauman, Zygmunt. 2000. Vom Nutzen der Soziologie (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp)
- Beavis, Mary Ann. 2000. ‘Fargo: A Biblical Morality Play’, Journal of Religion & Film, 4.2: 3, https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/jrf/vol4/iss2/3
- Beckermann, Ansgar. 1985. ‘Handlung und Handlungserklärungen’, in Analytische Handlungstheorie, ed. by Ansgar Beckermann (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp), pp. 7–84
- Beckman, Frida. 2012. ‘From Irony to Narrative Crisis. Reconsidering the Femme Fatale in the Films of David Lynch‘, Cinema Journal 52.1: 25–44, https://doi.org/10.1353/cj.2012.0112
- Bem, Sandra. 1974. ‘Bem Sex Role Inventory’ [Database record], in APA PsycNet, https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Ft00748-000
- Benshoff, Harry M., and Sean Griffin. 2004. America on Film: Representing Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality at the Movies (Malden: Blackwell)
- Bentele, Günter, Hans-Bernd Brosius, and Otfried Jarren (eds). 2003. Öffentliche Kommunikation: Handbuch Kommunikations- und Medienwissenschaft (Wiesbaden: Westdeutscher Verlag)
- Berg Ramírez, Charles. 2002. Latino Images in Film: Stereotypes, Subversion, Resistance (Austin: University of Texas Press)
- Berger, Peter L., and Thomas Luckmann. 1974. Die gesellschaftliche Konstruktion der Wirklichkeit: Eine Theorie der Wissenssoziologie (Frankfurt a.M.: Fischer)
- Berry, Gordon L. 1988. ‘Multicultural Role Portrayals on Television as a Social Psychological Issue’, in Television as a Social Issue, ed. by Stuart Oskamp (Newbury Park: SAGE), pp. 118–29
- Bierhoff, Hans Werner. 2000. Sozialpsychologie: Ein Lehrbuch, 2nd edn (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer)
- Bieri, Peter. 2003. Das Handwerk der Freiheit: Über die Entdeckung des eigenen Willens (Frankfurt a.M.: Fischer)
- Blacker, Irwin R. 1986. The Elements of Screenwriting: A Guide for Film and Television Writers (New York: Macmillan)
- Blank, Richard. 2001. Schauspielkunst in Theater und Film: Strasberg, Brecht, Stanislawski (Berlin: Alexander)
- Blanke, Olaf, et al. 2005. ‘Linking Out-of-Body Experience and Self Processing to Mental Own-Body Imagery at the Temporoparietal Junction’, The Journal of Neuroscience, 25.3: 550–57, https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2612-04.2005
- Bleicher, Joan Kristin. 1999. ‘Das kleine Kino: TV Movies im deutschen Fernsehen der neunziger Jahre’, tiefenschärfe, WS 1999/2000: 3–8, https://www.slm.uni-hamburg.de/imk/forschung/publikationen/tiefenschaerfe.html
- Bleicher, Joan Kristin. 2005. ‘Die komischen Köpfe der Fernsehcomedy’, in Komiker, Komödianten, Komödienspieler, ed. by Knut Hickethier (Remscheid: Gardez!), pp. 151–60
- Block, Bruce A. 2001. The Visual Story: Seeing the Structure of Film, TV, and New Media (Boston: Focal)
- Blom, Joleen. 2021. The Dynamic Game Character: Definition, Construction, and Challenges in a Character Ecology (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press)
- Blothner, Dirk. 1999. Erlebniswelt Kino: Über die unbewusste Wirkung des Films (Bergisch Gladbach: Bastei-Verlag Lübbe)
- Blüher, Dominique. 1999. ‘Französische Ansätze zur Analyse der filmischen Figur-André Gardies, Marc Vernet, Nicole Brenez’, in Der Körper im Bild: Schauspielen—Darstellen—Erscheinen, ed. by Heinz B. Heller, Birgit Peulings and Karl Prümm (Marburg: Schüren), pp. 16–70
- Blumenfeld, Robert. 2006. Tools and Techniques for Character Interpretation: A Handbook of Psychology for Actors, Writers, and Directors (Pompton Plains: Limelight Editions)
- Blumer, Herbert. 1933. ‘Imitation by Adolescents’, in Blumer, Movies and Conduct (New York: Macmillan & Company), pp. 20–58
- Bobo, Jacqueline. 1988. ‘Black Women’s Responses to The Color Purple‘, Jump Cut, 33: 43–51
- Bogle, Donald. 2004. Toms, Coons, Mulattoes, Mammies, and Bucks: An Interpretive History of Blacks in American Films, 4th edn (New York: Continuum)
- Bondebjerg, Ib. 2007. ‘Power and Personality: Politicians on the World Wide Web‘, Nordic Journal of Media Studies, 5.1: 119–40, https://doi.org/10.1386/nl.5.1.119_1
- Bonfadelli, Heinz. 2003. ‘Medieninhalte’, in Öffentliche Kommunikation. Handbuch Kommunikations- und Medienwissenschaft, ed. by Günter Bentele, Hans-Bernd Brosius and Otfried Jarren (Wiesbaden: Springer), pp. 79–100
- Bonfadelli, Heinz. 2004. Medienwirkungsforschung 1: Grundlagen und theoretische Perspektiven (Constance: UVK-Medien)
- Bordwell, David. 1985a. Narration in the Fiction Film (London: Routledge)
- Bordwell, David. 1985b. ‘The Classical Hollywood Style, 1917–60’, in The Classical Hollywood Cinema: Film Style & Mode of Production to 1960, ed. by David Bordwell, Janet Staiger and Kristin Thompson (New York: Columbia University Press), pp. 1–84
- Bordwell, David. 1989. Making Meaning: Inference and Rhetoric in the Interpretation of Cinema (Cambridge: Harvard University Press)
- Bordwell, David. 1992. ‘Kognition und Verstehen: Sehen und Vergessen in Mildred Pierce’, Montage AV, 1.1: 5–24, http://dx.doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/119
- Bordwell, David. 2001. Visual Style in Cinema: Vier Kapitel Filmgeschichte (Frankfurt a.M.: Verlag der Autoren)
- Bordwell, David, and Kristin Thompson. 2001. Film Art: An Introduction, 6th edn (New York: McGraw Hill)
- Bordwell, David, Janet Staiger, and Kristin Thompson. 1985. The Classical Hollywood Cinema: Film Style & Mode of Production to 1960 (New York: Columbia University Press)
- Bornstein, Robert F. 1999. ‘Mere Exposure Effect’, in The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, ed. by Anthony R. Manstead and Miles Hewstone, 2nd edn (Oxford/Malden: Blackwell), pp. 381–82
- Borstnar, Nils, Eckhard Pabst, and Hans Jürgen Wulff. 2002. Einführung in die Film- und Fernsehwissenschaft (Constance: UVK)
- Bortolussi, Marisa and Peter Dixon. 2003. Psychonarratology. Foundations for the Empirical Study of Literary Response (New York: Cambridge University Press)
- Brackert, Helmut, and Jörn Stückrath (eds). 1992. Literaturwissenschaft ein Grundkurs (Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt)
- Bradley, Andrew C. 1937. Shakespearean Tragedy Lectures on Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth (London: Macmillan)
- Brandstetter, Gabriele, and Sibylle Peters (eds). 2002. de figura: Rhetorik, Bewegung, Gestalt (Bonn: Fink)
- Branigan, Edward. 1984. Point of View in the Cinema a Theory of Narration and Subjectivity in Classical Film (Berlin/New York/Amsterdam: Mouton)
- Branigan, Edward. 1992. Narrative Comprehension and Film (London/New York: Routledge)
- Brasser, Martin (ed.). 1999. Person philosophische Texte von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart (Stuttgart: Reclam)
- Brecht, Bertolt. 1967a. Gesammelte Werke: Schriften zum Theater 1, ed. by Elisabeth Hauptmann, 20 vols (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp), XV
- Brecht, Bertolt. 1967b. Gesammelte Werke: Schriften zum Theater 2, ed. by Elisabeth Hauptmann, 20 vols (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp), XVI
- Brecht, Bertolt. 1967c. Gesammelte Werke: Schriften zum Theater 3, ed. by Elisabeth Hauptmann, 20 vols (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp), XVII
- Bremond, Claude, Joshua Landy, and Thomas Pavel (eds). 1995. Thematics: New Approaches (Albany: Suny Press)
- Brenez, Nicole. 1998. De la figure en général et du corps en particulier. L’invention figurative au cinéma (Bruxelles: De Boeck)
- Brennan, Kersti Grunditz, and Karen Pearlman. 2023. ‘Creating Character in Editing‘, Media Practice and Education, 24.3: 235–52.
- Brinckmann, Christine Noll. 1997a. Die anthropomorphe Kamera und andere Schriften zur filmischen Narration (Zurich: Chronos)
- Brinckmann, Christine Noll. 1997b. ‘Empathie mit dem Tier’, Cinema, 42: 60–69
- Brinckmann, Christine Noll. 1999. ‘Somatische Empathie bei Hitchcock’, in Der Körper im Bild: Schauspielen—Darstellen—Erscheinen, ed. by Heinz B. Heller, Birgit Peulings and Karl Prümm (Marburg: Schüren), pp. 111–20
- Brinker, Menachem. 1995. ‘Theme and Interpretation’, in Thematics: New Approaches, ed. by Claude Bremond, Joshua Landy and Thomas Pavel (Albany: Suny Press), pp. 33–44
- Broad, Charlie D. 1971a. ‘Emotion and Sentiment’, in Broad’s Critical Essays in Moral Philosophy, ed. by Charlie D. Broad and David R. Cheney (London/New York: Allen and Unwin, Humanities Press), pp. 283–301
- Broad, Charlie D. 1971b. ‘Some of the Main Problems of Ethics’, in Broad’s Critical Essays in Moral Philosophy, ed. by Charlie D. Broad and David R. Cheney (London/New York: Allen and Unwin, Humanities Press), pp. 223–46
- Bröckling, Ulrich. 2019. ‘Antihelden‘, compendium heroicum, https://doi.org/10.6094/heroicum/ahd1.0
- Brooke-Rose, Christine. 1981. A Rhetoric of the Unreal: Studies in Narrative and Structure, Especially of the Fantastic (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Brosius, Hans-Bernd. 2003. ‘Medienwirkung’, in Öffentliche Kommunikation: Handbuch Kommunikations- und Medienwissenschaft, ed. by Günter Bentele, Hans-Bernd Brosius and Otfried Jarren (Wiesbaden: Westdeutscher Verlag), pp.128–148
- Brown, Jeffrey A. 2016. The Modern Superhero in Film and Television (London: Routledge), https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315708980
- Brütsch, Matthias, et al. (ed.). 2005. Kinogefühle: Emotionalität und Film (Marburg: Schüren)
- Bruun Vaage, Margrethe. 2015. The Antihero in American Television (London: Routledge), https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315715162
- Bruzzi, Stella. 1997. Undressing Cinema: Clothing and Identity in the Movies (London: Routledge)
- Bryant, Jennings, and Dolf Zillmann (eds). 1991. Responding to the Screen: Reception and Reaction Processes (Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum)
- Bryant, Jennings, and Peter Vorderer (eds). 2006. Psychology of Entertainment (Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum)
- Brylla, Catalin. 2018. ‘A Social Cognition Approach to Stereotyping in Documentary Practice’, in Cognitive Theory and Documentary Film, ed. by Catalin Brylla and Mette Kramer (Cham: Springer International Publishing), pp. 263–79, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90332-3_15
- Brylla, Catalin. 2023. Stereotypes and Spectatorship in Documentary Film (London: Palgrave Macmillan UK)
- Brylla, Catalin, and Helen Hughes (eds). 2017. Documentary and Disability (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan), https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59894-3
- Brylla, Catalin, and Mette Kramer (eds). 2018. Cognitive Theory and Documentary Film (Basingstoke: Palgrave Palgrave MacMillan), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90332-3
- Buckland, Warren (ed.). 1995. The Film Spectator: From Sign to Mind (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press)
- Buckland, Warren. 1999. ‘Between Science Fact and Science Fiction: Spielberg’s Digital Dinosaurs, Possible Worlds, and the New Aesthetic Realism’, Screen: The Journal of the Society for Education in Film and Television, 40.2: 177–92, https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/40.2.177
- Buckland, Warren. 2000. The Cognitive Semiotics of Film (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Bullerjahn, Claudia. 1999. ‘Ein begriffliches Babylon: Von den Schwierigkeiten der Filmmusik-Nomenklatur: Teil 2: Filmmusik-Techniken’, tiefenschärfe, WS 1999/2000: 16–22, https://www.slm.uni-hamburg.de/imk/forschung/publikationen/tiefenschaerfe.html
- Burch, Noël. 1981. ‚How We Got Into Pictures: Notes Accompanying “Correction Please”’, Afterimage 8/9: 26.
- Burke, Kenneth. 1969 [1945]. A Grammar of Motives (Berkeley: University of California Press)
- Büttner, Frank, and Andrea Gottdang. 2006. Einführung in die Ikonographie: Wege zur Deutung von Bildinhalten (Munich: Beck)
- Callus, Ivan, et al. (eds). 2024. ‘The Persistence of Character’, e-Rea. Revue Électronique d’Études sur le Monde Anglophone, 21.2, https://doi.org/10.4000/11w9c
- Card, Orson Scott. 1997. Characters and Viewpoint (Cincinnati: Writer’s Digest Books)
- Carls, R. 1984. ‘Zeichen’, in Lexikon der Erkenntnistheorie und Metaphysik, ed. by Friedo Ricken (Munich: Beck)
- Carnwath, John D., and Alan S. Brown. 2014. ‘Understanding the Value and Impacts of Cultural Experiences’, Arts Council England, https://cercles.diba.cat/documentsdigitals/pdf/E140161.pdf
- Carroll, Noël. 1988. Mystifying Movies: Fads and Fallacies in Contemporary Film Theory (New York: Columbia University Press)
- Carroll, Noël. 1990. The Philosophy of Horror or Paradoxes of the Heart (New York/London: Routledge)
- Carroll, Noël. 1996. Theorizing the Moving Image (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Carroll, Noël. 1998a. A Philosophy of Mass Art (Oxford: Clarendon Press)
- Carroll, Noël. 1998b. Interpreting the Moving Image (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Carroll, Noël. 1999. ‘Film, Emotion and Genre’, in Passionate Views: Film, Cognition, and Emotion, ed. by Carl R. Plantinga and Greg M. Smith (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), pp. 21–47
- Carroll, Noel. 2000. ‘Art and Ethical Criticism. An Overview of Recent Directions of Research‘, Ethics, 110.2: 350–87
- Carter, Cynthia. 2012. ‘Sex/Gender and the Media‘, in The Handbook of Gender, Sex, and Media, ed. by K. Ross (Oxford: Willey-Blackwell)
- Casetti, Francesco. 1994. Teorie del cinema (1945–1990), 2nd edn (Milan: Bompiani)
- Casetti, Francesco. 2001. ‘Filmgenres, Verständigungsvorgänge und kommunikativer Vertrag’, Montage AV, 10.2: 155–73, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/114
- Casetti, Francesco. 2002. Communicative Negotiation in Cinema and Television (Milan: Vita e Pensiero)
- Casetti, Francesco, and Federico Di Chio. 1994. Analisi del film, 2nd edn (Milan: Bompiani)
- Cattrysse, Patrick. 2010. ‘The Protagonist’s Dramatic Goals, Wants and Needs’ Journal of Screenwriting 1.1: 83–97, https://doi.org/10.1386/josc.1.1.83/1
- Caviglia, Francesco. 2002. ‘What Is Rick Doing in the Balkans?’, P.O.V., 14, https://pov.imv.au.dk/Issue_14/section_1/artc6A.html
- Center for Scholars & Storytellers. n.d. ‘Authentically Inclusive Representation (AIR) of Race’, The AIR Report, https://www.scholarsandstorytellers.com/air
- Chandler, Daniel. 2001a. ‘Codes’, Semiotics for Beginners, http://visual-memory.co.uk/daniel//Documents/S4B/sem08.html
- Chandler, Daniel. 2001b. ‘Glossary’, Semiotics for Beginners, http://visual-memory.co.uk/daniel//Documents/S4B/sem-gloss.html
- Chandler, Daniel. 2001c. ‘Syntagmatic Analysis’, Semiotics for Beginners, http://visual-memory.co.uk/daniel//Documents/S4B/sem04.html
- Chase, Jackson D. 2015. How to Write Realistic Characters: The Top Writer’s Toolkit for Novels and Screenplays (Scotts Valley: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform)
- Chatman, Seymour. 1978. Story and Discourse: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film (Ithaca/London: Cornell University Press)
- Chatman, Seymour. 1985. Antonioni: Or, the Surface of the World (Berkeley: University of California Press)
- Chatman, Seymour. 1986. ‘Characters and Narrators: Filter, Center, Slant, and Interest-Focus’, Poetics Today, 7.2: 189–204, https://doi.org/10.2307/1772758
- Cho, Sumi, Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, and Leslie McCall. 2013. ‘Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies: Theory, Applications, and Praxis’, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 38.4: 785–810, https://doi.org/10.1086/669608
- Christmann, Ursula, and Margrit Schreier. 2001. ‘Kognitionspsychologie der Textverarbeitung und Konsequenzen für die Bedeutungskonstitution’ (unpublished manuscript for the lecture at the internat. professional conference ‘Regeln der Bedeutung: Grenzen der Interpretation’, 12.–15.12.2001, Irsee)
- Christoph Klimmt, Tilo Hartmann, and Holger Schramm. 2006. ‘Parasocial Interactions and Relationships’, in Psychology of Entertainment, ed. by Jennings Bryant and Peter Vorderer (Mahway: Lawrence Erlbaum), pp. 291–314
- Christov-Moore, Leonardo, et al. 2014. ‘Empathy: Gender Effects in Brain and Behavior’, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 46.4: 604–627, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.09.001
- Cinema. 2006. ‘King Kong: Der große Hintergrundbericht zu Peter Jacksons Monsterspektakel’, Cinema [German magazine], 1.6: 22–45
- Coëgnarts, Maarten, and Peter Kravanja. 2012. ‘From Thought to Modality: A Theoretical Framework for Analysing Structural-Conceptual Metaphors and Image Metaphors’, Image and Narrative Online Magazine of the Visual Narrative, 13.1: 96–113, https://www.imageandnarrative.be/index.php/imagenarrative/article/view/226
- Coëgnarts, Maarten, and Mario Slugan. 2022. ‘Embodying Meaning Visually: From Perceptual Dynamics to Motion Kinematics’, Art & Perception, 10.2: 137–58
- Cohen, Jonathan. 2006. ‘Audience Identification with Media Characters’, in Psychology of Entertainment, ed. by Jennings Bryant and Peter Vorderer (Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum), pp. 183–98
- Cohen, Jonathan, Mary Beth Oliver, and Helena Bilandzic. 2019. ‘The Differential Effects of Direct Address on Parasocial Experience and Identification: Empirical Evidence for Conceptual Difference‘, Communication Research Reports, 36.1: 78–83, https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2018.1530977
- Cohen, Mark. 2018. ‘The Secret Jewish History of “Casablanca” and Rick Blaine’, Forward, 26 November, https://forward.com/culture/414759/the-secret-jewish-history-of-casablanca-and-rick-blaine/
- Comparini, Alberto. 2016. ‘Problemi di “personae”: Sulla recente teoria del personaggio nel mondo anglofono (2003–2016)’, Comparatismi, 1: 266–74, https://doi.org/10.14672/2016886
- Condon, Thomas. 1994. The Enneagram Movie & Video Guide. How to See Personality Styles in the Movies ([n.p]: The ChangeWorks)
- Coomans, Ruben, and Pieter Boulogne. 2022. ‘Becoming the President of Ukraine: From Screen to Reality. Zelenskyi’s Acting Performance in the TV Show Servant of the People as a Self-Fulfilling Prophecy‘, Image & Narrative, 23.3: 121–42
- Corliss, Richard. 1973. ‘Analysis of the Film’, in Casablanca: Script and Legend, ed. by Howard Koch and Julius J. Epstein (New York: The Overlook Press), pp. 183–98
- Cowie, Elizabeth. 1997. Representing the Woman: Cinema and Psychoanalysis (London: Palgrave Macmillan)
- Craig, Maxine Leeds (ed.). 2021. The Routledge Companion to Beauty Politics (London: Routledge), https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429283734
- Crane, Ronald. 1953. The Languages of Criticism and the Structure of Poetry (Toronto: University of Toronto Press)
- Crimmins, Mark. 1991. ‘Representation’, in Handbook of Metaphysics and Ontology, ed. by Hans Burkhardt and Barry Smith (Munich: Philosophia), pp. 791–93
- Crittenden, Paul. 2012. Reason, Will and Emotion: Defending the Greek Tradition against Triune Consciousness (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan)
- Culpeper, Jonathan. 1996. ‘Inferring Character from Texts: Attribution Theory and Foregrounding Theory’, Poetics, 23.5: 335–61, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-422X(95)00005-5
- Culpeper, Jonathan. 2000. ‘A Cognitive Approach to Characterization: Katherina in Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew’, Language and Literature, 9.4: 291–316, https://doi.org/10.1177/0963947000009004
- Cummins, Robert. 1992. ‘Representation’, in A Companion to Epistemology, ed. by Ernest Sosa and Jonathan Dancy (Cambridge: John Wiley & Sons), pp. 441–45
- Cunliffe, Zoë. 2019. ‘Feminist Philosophy of Film’, The Palgrave Handbook of the Philosophy of Film and Motion Pictures, ed. by Noël Carroll et al. (London: Palgrave Macmillan), pp. 653–75, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19601-1_28
- Currie, Gregory. 1990. The Nature of Fiction (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Currie, Gregory. 1995. Image and Mind: Film, Philosophy and Cognitive Science (New York: Cambridge University Press)
- Currie, Gregory. 1999a. ‘Cognitivism’, in The Blackwell Companion to Film Theory, ed. by Toby Miller and Robert Stam (Malden/Oxford: Blackwell), pp. 105–22
- Currie, Gregory. 1999b. ‘Narrative Desire’, in Passionate Views: Film, Cognition, and Emotion, ed. by Carl R. Plantinga and Greg M. Smith (Baltimore/London: Johns Hopkins University Press), pp. 183–99
- Currie, Gregory, and Ian Ravenscroft. 2002. Recreative Minds: Imagination in Philosophy and Psychology (Oxford: Clarendon Press)
- Curtiz, Michael. n.d. ‘Casablanca: Study Guide’, SparkNotes, https://www.sparknotes.com/film/casablanca
- Cutting, James. 2021. Movies on Our Minds (Oxford: Oxford University Press), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197567777.001.0001
- Damasio, Antonio R. 2005. Descartes’ Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain (London: Penguin)
- Dancyger, Ken, and Jeff Rush. 1991. Alternative Scriptwriting: Writing Beyond the Rules (Boston: Focal)
- Daphinoff, Dimiter. 1984. ‘Verfremdung’, in Reallexikon der deutschen Literaturgeschichte, ed. by Klaus Kanzog and Achim Masser, 2nd edn (Berlin: De Gruyter), pp. 613–26
- Dederer, Claire. 2024. Monsters: What Do We Do with Great Art by Bad People? 2nd edition (London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd.)
- Dennett, Daniel C. 1981. ‘Bedingungen der Personalität’, in Analytische Philosophie des Geistes, ed. by Peter Bieri, 2nd edn (Königstein: Hain), pp. 303–24
- Denzin, Norman K. 1990. ‘On Understanding Emotion: The Interpretive-Cultural Agenda’, in Research Agendas in the Sociology of Emotions, ed. by Theodore D. Kemper (Albany, NY: SUNY Press), pp. 83–116
- Descartes, René. 2001. ‘Second Mediation: Of the Nature of the Human Mind; and That It Is More Easily Known than the Body’, Meditationes de Prima Philosophia, trilingual online edn, http://philos.wright.edu/DesCartes/Meditation2.html#e13
- Descher, Stefan, et al. 2015. ‘Probleme der Interpretation von Literatur: Ein Überblick’, in Literatur Interpretieren: Interdisziplinäre Beiträge zur Theorie und Praxis, ed. by Jan Borkowski et al. (Paderborn: Mentis), pp. 11–70
- Diessner, Rhett, Nellie Frost, and Titus Smith. 2004. ‘Describing the Neoclassical Psyche Embedded in Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love’, Social Behavior and Personality, 32.7: 683–90, https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2004.32.7.683
- Dietl, Helmut, Patrick Süskind, and Hellmuth Karasek. 1997. Rossini: oder die mörderische Frage, wer mit wem schlief (Zurich: Diogenes)
- Dijk, Teun Adrianus van. 2008. Discourse and Context: A Socio-Cognitive Approach (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Dilthey, Wilhelm. 1887. Wilhelm Diltheys gesammelte Schriften: Die geistige Welt: Einleitung in die Philosophie des Lebens: Zweite Hälfte: Die Einbildungskraft des Dichters. Bausteine für eine Poetik, 20 vols (Leipzig/Berlin: Teubner), VI
- Doane, Mary Ann. 1987. The Desire to Desire (London: Palgrave Macmillan UK)
- Docherty, Thomas. 1983. Reading (Absent) Character: Towards a Theory of Characterization in Fiction (Oxford: Clarendon Press)
- Doležel, Lubomír. 1998. Heterocosmica: Fiction and Possible Worlds (Baltimore/London: Johns Hopkins University Press)
- Domaradzki, Jan. 2021. ‘The Werther Effect, the Papageno Effect or No Effect? A Literature Review’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18.5: 2396, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052396
- Dorfman, Ariel. 2010. The Empire’s Old Clothes: What the Lone Ranger, Babar, and Other Innocent Heroes Do to Our Minds (Durham: Duke University Press), https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822391647
- Döring, Nicola. 2022. ‘Visual Gender Stereotypes (Advertisement, Social Media)’, DOCA: Database of Variables for Content Analysis, https://www.hope.uzh.ch/doca/article/view/3707
- Dretske, Fred I. 1969. Seeing and Knowing (Chicago: University of Chicago Press)
- Drucker, Susan J., and Gary Gumpert (eds). 2008. Heroes in a Global World (New York: Hampton Press)
- Dujsik, Mark. 2018. ‘Blood Brother’, Roger Ebert, https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/blood-brother-2018
- Dwyer, Diana. 2000. Interpersonal Relationships (London: Routledge)
- Dyer, Richard. 1977. ‘Entertainment and Utopia’, Movie, 24: 6–8
- Dyer, Richard. 1993. ‘The Role of Stereotypes’, in The Matter of Images: Essays on Representations, ed. by Richard Dyer (London/New York: Routledge), pp. 6–18
- Dyer, Richard. 1997. ‘Lighting for Whiteness‘, in Film Theory and Criticism, ed. by Leo Braudy and Marshall Cohen (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 660–71
- Dyer, Richard. 1999. Stars, ed. by Paul MacDonald , 2nd edn (London: British Film Institute)
- Dymond, Erica Joan, and Salvador Jiménez Murguía (eds). 2022. The Encyclopedia of LGBTQIA+ Portrayals in American Film (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield)
- Ebert, Roger. 2009. ‘Up’, Roger Ebert, https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/up-2009
- Eckardt, Barbara von. 1999. ‘Mental Representation’, in The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences, ed. by Robert A. Wilson and Frank C. Keil (Cambridge/London: MIT Press), pp. 527–29
- Eco, Umberto. 1984a. ‘Die praktische Anwendung der literarischen Person’, in Apokalyptiker und Integrierte: Zur kritischen Kritik der Massenkultur, ed. by Umberto Eco and Max Looser (Frankfurt a.M.: Fischer), pp. 161–86
- Eco, Umberto. 1984b. ‘Die erzählerischen Strukturen im Werk Ian Flemings’, in Apokalyptiker und Integrierte: Zur kritischen Kritik der Massenkultur, ed. by Umberto Eco and Max Looser (Frankfurt a.M.: Fischer), pp. 273–312
- Eco, Umberto. 1985. ‘“Casablanca”: Cult Movies and Intertextual Collage’, SubStance 14/2/47: 3-12
- Eder, Jens. 1999. Dramaturgie des populären Films: Drehbuchpraxis und Filmtheorie (Hamburg: LIT)
- Eder, Jens (ed.). 2002a. Oberflächenrausch: Postmoderne und Postklassik im Kino der 90er Jahre (Münster: LIT)
- Eder, Jens. 2002b. ‘Die Postmoderne im Kino: Entwicklungen im Spielfilm der 90er Jahre’, in Oberflächenrausch: Postmoderne und Postklassik im Kino der 90er Jahre, ed. by Jens Eder (Münster: LIT), pp. 9–61
- Eder, Jens. 2003a. ‘Analysing Affective Reactions to Films: Towards an Integrative Model’, SPIEL—Siegener Periodikum zur Internationalen Empirischen Literaturwissenschaft, 22.2: 271–89, https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/plg/spiel/2003/00000022/00000002/art00005
- Eder, Jens. 2003b. ‘Narratology and Cognitive Theories of Reception’, in What Is Narratology? Questions and Answers Regarding the Status of a Theory, ed. by Tom Kindt and Hans-Harald Müller (Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter), pp. 277–301
- Eder, Jens. 2006. ‘Ways of Being Close to Characters’, Film Studies, 8.1: 68–80
- Eder, Jens. 2007a. ‘Gefühle im Widerstreit: A Clockwork Orange und die Erklärung audiovisueller Emotionen’, in Audiovisuelle Emotionen: Emotionsdarstellung und Emotionsvermittlung durch audiovisuelle Medienangebote, ed. by Anne Bartsch, Jens Eder, and Kathrin Fahlenbrach (Cologne: Herbert von Halem), pp. 256–76
- Eder, Jens. 2007b. ‘Spiel-Figuren. Computeranimierte Familienfilme und der Wandel von Figurenkonzeptionen im gegenwärtigen Kino’, in Spielformen im Spielfilm: Zur Medienmorphologie des Kinos nach der Postmoderne, ed. by Rainer Leschke and Jochen Venus (Bielefeld: Transcript), pp. 271–98
- Eder, Jens. 2008a. ‘Casablanca and the Richness of Emotion’, Journal of Literary Theory, 1.2: 231–50, https://doi.org/10.1515/JLT.2007.017
- Eder, Jens. 2008b. ‘Fictional Characters in Film, TV, Literature, and Other Media. An Interdisciplinary Bibliography’, Medienwissenschaft Hamburg/Berichte und Papiere, 90, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/12898
- Eder, Jens. 2008c. ‘Medien-Menschen’, in Was ist der Mensch?, Humanprojekt/Interdisziplinäre Anthropologie, ed. by Detlev Ganten, Volker Gerhardt, Jan-Christoph Heilinger and Julian Nida-Rümelin (Berlin: De Gruyter), pp. 54–56
- Eder, Jens. 2008d. Was sind Figuren? Ein Beitrag zur interdisziplinären Fiktionstheorie (Paderborn: Mentis)
- Eder, Jens. 2008e. Die Figur im Film: Grundlagen der Figurenanalyse (Marburg: Schüren)
- Eder, Jens. 2010a. ‘Figuren in der Werbung’, in Formen Der Figur: Figurenkonzepte in Künsten und Medien, ed. by Henriette Heidbrink and Rainer Leschke (Constance: UVK), pp. 295–324
- Eder, Jens. 2010b. ‘Understanding Characters’, Projections, 4.1: 16–40, https://doi.org/10.3167/proj.2010.040103
- Eder, Jens. 2013. ‘Posthumans on YouTube’, Trans-Humanities Journal, 6.1: 33–62, https://doi.org/10.1353/trh.2013.0010
- Eder, Jens. 2014. ‘Analyzing Characters: Creation, Interpretation, and Cultural Critique’, Revista de Estudos Literários, 4: 69–96, https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-847X_4_3
- Eder, Jens. 2016a. ‘Aus der Täterperspektive: Nähe und Erkenntnis im Dokumentarfilm‘, Montage AV. Zeitschrift für Theorie und Geschichte audiovisueller Kommunikation, 25.1: 45–62, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/12934
- Eder, Jens. 2016b. ‘Films and Existential Feelings’, Projections, 10.2: 75–103, https://doi.org/10.3167/proj.2016.100205
- Eder, Jens. 2016c. ‘Gottesdarstellung und Figurenanalyse’, in Gott als Figur: Narratologische Analysen biblischer Texte und ihrer Adaptionen, ed. by Ute E. Eisen and Ilse Müllner (Freiburg: Herder), pp. 27–54
- Eder, Jens. 2017. ‘Empathie und existentielle Gefühle im Film’, in Empathie im Film: Perspektiven der Ästhetischen Theorie, Phänomenologie und Analytischen Philosophie, ed. by Malte Hagener and Íngrid Vendrell Ferran (Bielefeld: Transcript), pp. 237–70
- Eder, Jens. 2018. ‘Collateral Emotions: Political Web Videos and Divergent Audience Responses’, in Cognitive Theory and Documentary Film, ed. by Catalin Brylla and Mette Kramer (Cham: Springer International Publishing), pp. 183–203
- Eder, Jens. 2022. ‘Film: The Affective Specificity of Audiovisual Media’, in The Routledge Companion to Literature and Emotion, ed. by Patrick Colm Hogan, Bradley Irish, and Lalita Pandit Hogan (New York: Routledge), pp. 354–65
- Eder, Jens. 2023a. ‘Figuren der Animation’, in Handbuch Animation Studies, ed. by Franziska Bruckner, Julia Eckel, Erwin Feyersinger, and Maike Sarah Reinerth (Wiesbaden: Springer), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25978-5_26-1
- Eder, Jens. 2023b. ‘Political Impact: On the Societal Vibrancy of Film’, in What Film Is Good For: On the Values of Spectatorship, ed. by Julian Hanich and Martin P. Rossouw (Berkeley: University of California Press), pp. 102–14, https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520386822-012
- Eder, Jens, and Andreas Keil. 2005a. ‘Affektlenkung im Film: Das Beispiel “Triumph des Willens”’, in Mediale Emotionen: zur Lenkung von Gefühlen durch Bild und Sound, ed. by Oliver Grau and Andreas Keil (Frankfurt a.M.: Fischer Taschenbuch), pp. 107–32
- Eder, Jens, and Andreas Keil. 2005b. ‘Ein Netzwerkmodell audiovisueller Emotionslenkung’, in Mediale Emotionen: Zur Lenkung von Gefühlen durch Bild und Sound, ed. by Oliver Grau and Andreas Keil (Frankfurt a.M.: Fischer Taschenbuch)
- Eder, Jens, and Jan-Noël Thon. 2012. ‘Digitale Figuren in Kinofilm und Computerspiel’, in Film im Zeitalter Neuer Medien II: Digitalität und Kino, ed. by Harro Segeberg (München: Fink), pp. 139–82
- Eder, Jens, Julian Hanich, and Jane Stadler. 2019. ‘Media and Emotion: An Introduction’, NECSUS European Journal of Media Studies, 8: 91–104, https://necsus-ejms.org/portfolio/spring-2019_emotions
- Eder, Jens, Joseph Imorde, and Maike Sarah Reinerth (eds). 2012a. Medialität und Menschenbild (Boston/Berlin: De Gruyter)
- Eder, Jens, Joseph Imorde, and Maike Sarah Reinerth. 2012b. ‘Zur Einleitung: Medialität und Menschenbild’, in Medialität und Menschenbild, ed. by Jens Eder, Joseph Imorde and Maike Sarah Reinerth (Berlin: De Gruyter), pp. 1–41
- Eder, Jens, Fotis Jannidis, and Ralf Schneider (eds). 2010a. Characters in Fictional Worlds: Understanding Imaginary Beings in Literature, Film, and Other Media (Berlin: De Gruyter)
- Eder, Jens, Fotis Jannidis, and Ralf Schneider. 2010b. ‘Characters in Fictional Worlds: An Introduction’, in Characters in Fictional Worlds: Understanding Imaginary Beings in Literature, Film, and Other Media, ed. by Jens Eder, Fotis Jannidis, and Ralf Schneider (Berlin: De Gruyter), pp. 1–64
- Eder, Jens, Joseph Imorde, and Stefan Zahlmann. 2013. ‘Menschenbilder in der Populärkultur: Kunst- Bild-, Medienwissenschaften’, Menschenbilder in der Populärkultur: Medien-, Bild- und Kunstwissenschaft (Themenheft Kritische Berichte), 1: 3–4
- Egri, Lajos. 1960. Art of Dramatic Writing, 2nd edn (New York: Simon & Schuster)
- Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Irenäus. 1999. Grundriss der vergleichenden Verhaltensforschung Ethologie, 8th edn (Munich/Zurich: Piper)
- Eisen, Ute E., and Ilse Müllner (eds). 2016. Gott als Figur: Narratologische Analysen Biblischer Texte und ihrer Adaptionen (Freiburg: Herder)
- Eitzen, Dirk. 1999. ‘The Emotional Basis of Film Comedy’, in Passionate Views: Film, Cognition, and Emotion, ed. by Carl R. Plantinga and Greg M. Smith (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), pp. 21–47
- Ekman, Paul. 2003. Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life (New York: Times Books)
- Ellis, John. 1982. Visible Fictions: Cinema, Television, Video (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul)
- Elsaesser, Thomas. 1998. ‘Spectacularity and Engulfment: Francis Ford Coppola and Bram Stoker’s Dracula’, in Contemporary Hollywood Cinema, ed. by Steve Neale and Murray Smith (London/New York: Routledge), pp. 191–208
- Endruweit, Günter, and Gisela Trommsdorff (eds). 2002. Wörterbuch der Soziologie (Stuttgart: UVK/Lucius)
- Endruweit, Günter. 2002. ‘Handeln, soziales’, Wörterbuch der Soziologie, ed. by Günter Endruweit and Gisela Trommsdorff, 2nd edn (Stuttgart: UVK/Lucius), pp. 211–13
- Engel, Christine (ed.). 1999. Geschichte des sowjetischen und russischen Films (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler)
- Esslin, Martin. 1989. Die Zeichen des Dramas: Theater, Film, Fernsehen, trans. by Cornelia Schramm (Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt)
- Ewen, Joseph. 1971. ‘The Theory of Character in Narrative Fiction’, Hasifrut, 3: 1–30
- Fahlenbrach, Kathrin. 2003. ‘Wahrnehmungsästhetik der Medien als Aisthesis? Überlegungen zu einer Theorie Audio-Visueller Metaphern’, SPIEL, 22.1: 49–63, https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/plg/spiel/2003/00000022/00000001/art00004
- Fahlenbrach, Kathrin. 2010. Audiovisuelle Metaphern: Zur Körper- und Affektästhetik in Film und Fernsehen (Marburg: Schüren)
- Fahlenbrach, Kathrin (ed.). 2015. Embodied Metaphors in Film, Television and Video Games: Cognitive Approaches (New York/London: Routledge), https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315724522
- Fanon, Frantz. 2008. Black Skin, White Masks (New York: Grove Press)
- Faulstich, Werner, and Helmut Korte (eds). 1997. Der Star: Geschichte, Rezeption, Bedeutung (Munich: Fink)
- Felix, Jürgen. 1998. ‘Diva’, in Filmklassiker: Beschreibungen und Kommentare, ed. by Thomas Koebner and Kerstin-Luise Neumann, 2nd edn, 5 vols (Stuttgart: Reclam), III, 540–44
- Feng, William Dezheng, and Kay O’Halloran. 2013. ‘The Multimodal Representing Emotion in Film: Integrating Semiotic and Cognitive Approaches’, Semiotica, 197: 101–22, https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2013-0082
- Feshbach, Norma Deitch. 1989. ‘Fernsehen und Empathie bei Kindern’, in Empirische Medienpsychologie, ed. by Jo Groebel and Peter Winterhoff-Spurk (Munich: Psychologie Verlags Union), pp. 76–89
- Fidaleo, Douglas. 2007. ‘Squidgits: Project History’, https://web.archive.org/web/20070714202535/http://www.squidgits.com/ProjectHistory.html
- Fischer-Lichte, Erika. 1983a. Semiotik des Theaters: Eine Einführung: Das System der theatralischen Zeichen, 3 vols (Tübingen: Gunter Narr), I
- Fischer-Lichte, Erika. 1983b. Semiotik des Theaters: Eine Einführung: Die Aufführung als Text, 3 vols (Tübingen: Gunter Narr), III
- Fischer-Lichte, Erika. 1983c. Semiotik des Theaters: Eine Einführung: Vom ‘künstlichen’ zum ‘natürlichen’ Zeichen – Theater des Barock und der Aufklärung, 3 vols (Tübingen: Gunter Narr), II
- Fishelov, David. 1990. ‘Types of Character, Characteristics of Types’, Style, 24.3: 422–39
- Fiske, John. 1997. Television Culture, 9th edn (London/New York: Routledge)
- Fiske, Susan T., and Beth A. Morling. 1999. ‘Categorization’, in The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, ed. by Anthony R. Manstead and Miles Hewstone, 2nd edn (Oxford/Malden: Blackwell), pp. 381–82
- Fisseni, Hermann-Josef. 2003. Persönlichkeitspsychologie: Ein Theorienüberblick, 5th edn (Göttingen: Hogrefe)
- Flory, Dan. 2008. Philosophy, Black Film, Film Noir (Pennsylvania: Penn State Press)
- Flory, Dan. 2016. ‘Racialized Disgust and Embodied Cognition in Film‘, Projections, 10.2: 1–24, https://doi.org/10.3167/proj.2016.100202
- Flückiger, Barbara. 2001. Sound Design: Die virtuelle Klangwelt des Films (Marburg: Schüren)
- Fonagy, Peter, and Mary Target. 2003. Psychoanalytical Theories. Perspectives from Developmental Psychopathology (New York/London: Routledge)
- Forster, E. M. 1927. Aspects of the Novel. (New York: Harcourt, Brace & Company), https://archive.org/details/aspectofnovel0000unse/page/86/mode/2up
- Franco, Zeno E., Scott T. Allison, et al. 2016. ‘Heroism Research: A Review of Theories, Methods, Challenges, and Trends‘, Faculty Publications: Political Science, 87, http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/poliscifacpub/87
- Frankfurt, Harry G. 1988. The Importance of What We Care About: Philosophical Essays (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Freeland, Cynthia. 2010. Portraits and Persons (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
- Frege, Gottlob. 1986. ‘Über Sinn und Bedeutung’, in Funktion, Begriff, Bedeutung: fünf logische Studien, 6th edn, ed. by Günther Patzig (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht), pp. 40–65
- Frensham, Raymond G. 1996. Screenwriting (London: Hodder & Stoughton)
- Freud, Sigmund. 1923. Massenpsychologie und Ich-Analyse, 2nd edn (Vienna: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag)
- Freud, Sigmund. 1989. Die Traumdeutung: Studienausgabe, ed. by Alexander Mitscherlich, Angela Richards, and James Strachey, 12 vols (Frankfurt a.M.: Fischer), II
- Freud, Sigmund. 2000. Psychologie des Unbewussten: Studienausgabe, ed. by Alexander Mitscherlich, Angela Richards, and James Strachey, 12 vols (Frankfurt a.M.: Fischer), III
- Freytag, Gustav. 1897. ‘Die Technik des Dramas’, in Gesammelte Werke, ed. by Gustav Freytag, 2nd edn, 12 vols (Leipzig: S. Hirzel), XIV
- Fricke, Harald. 2003. ‘Symbol (2)’, in Reallexikon der deutschen Literaturwissenschaft, ed. by Jan-Dirk Müller, 3 vols (Berlin/New York: De Gruyter), III, pp. 550–55
- Friedberg, Anne. 1990. ‘A Denial of Difference. Theories of Cinematic Identification’, in Psychoanalysis and Cinema, ed. by E. Anne Kaplan (New York: Routledge), pp. 36–45
- Friess, Jörg, Britta Hartmann, and Eggo Müller (eds). 2001. Nicht allein das Laufbild auf der Leinwand: Strukturen des Films als Erlebnispotentiale (Berlin: Vistas)
- Frijda, Nico, and Dirk Schram (eds). 1994. ‘Emotions and Cultural Products (Special Issue)’, Poetics, 23.1/2
- Frölich, Margrit, Reinhard Middel, and Karsten Visarius (eds). 2002. No Body is Perfect: Körperbilder im Kino (Marburg: Schüren)
- Frow, John. 1986. ‘Spectacle Binding: On Character’, Poetics Today, 7.2: 227–50, https://doi.org/10.2307/1772760
- Frow, John. 2014. Character and Person (Oxford: Oxford University Press), https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198704515.001.0001
- Frye, Northrop. 1957. Anatomy of Criticism (Princeton: Princeton University Press)
- Gabbard, Krin, and Glen O. Gabbard. 1990. ‘Play It Again, Sigmund: Psychoanalysis and the Classical Hollywood Text’, Journal of Popular Film and Television, 18.1: 6–17, https://doi.org/10.1080/01956051.1990.9943650
- Gabriel, Gottfried. 1975. Fiktion und Wahrheit: eine semantische Theorie der Literatur (Stuttgart: Frommann-Verlag)
- Gallese, Vittorio. 2006. ‘Intentional Attunement: A Neurophysiological Perspective on Social Cognition and Its Disruption in Autism’, Brain Research, 1079.1: 15–24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.054
- Gallese, Vittorio, and Michele Guerra. 2012. ‘Embodying Movies: Embodied Simulation and Film Studies’, Cinema: Journal of Philosophy and the Moving Image, 3: 183–210, https://cinema.fcsh.unl.pt/index.php/revista/article/view/180
- Ganter, Stephan. 1997. ‘Stereotype und Vorurteile: Konzeptualisierung, Operationalisierung und Messung’, Mannheimer Zentrum für Europäische Sozialforschung (MZES), https://www.mzes.uni-mannheim.de/publications/wp/wp3-22.pdf
- García, Alberto N. 2016. ‘Moral Emotions, Antiheroes and the Limits of Allegiance’, in Emotions in Contemporary TV Series, ed. by Alberto N. García (London: Palgrave Macmillan UK), pp. 52–70, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56885-4_4
- Gardies, André. 1993. Le récit filmique, Contours littéraires (Paris: Hachette)
- Garvey, James. 1978. ‘Characterization in Narrative’, Poetics, 7.1: 63–78, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-422X(78)90005-0
- Gaudreault, André, and Franois Jost. 1999. ‘Enunciation and Narration’, in The Blackwell Companion to Film Theory, ed. by Toby Miller and Robert Stam (Malden/Oxford: Blackwell), pp. 45–63
- Gaut, Berys. 1999. ‘Identification and Emotion in Narrative Film’, in Passionate Views: Film, Cognition, and Emotion, ed. by Carl R. Plantinga and Greg M. Smith (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), pp. 200–16
- Gaut, Berys. 2000. ‘On Cinema and Perversion’, Hanover.edu, https://web.archive.org/web/20000818091932/https://www.hanover.edu/philos/film/vol_01/gaut.htm
- Geertz, Clifford. 2000. The Interpretation of Cultures, 3rd edn (New York: Basic Books)
- Geimer, Samantha, Lawrence Silver, and Judith Neumann. 2014. The Girl: A Life in the Shadow of Roman Polanski (New York: Simon and Schuster)
- Gemoll, Wilhelm. 1979. Griechisch-deutsches Schul- und Handwörterbuch (Munich: Freytag)
- Genette, Gérard. 1980. Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method (Ithaca: Cornell University Press)
- Genette, Gérard, and Heinz Jatho. 1992. Fiktion und Diktion (Munich: Fink)
- Gerbner, George. 1995. ‘Casting and Fate: Women and Minorities on Television Drama, Game Shows, and News’, in Communication, Culture, Community, ed. by J. G. Stappers et al. (Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum), pp. 125–35
- Gerlach, Peter. 2004. ‘A Man With Properties—But Which Ones ?’ Physiognomics 1474 to 1979 in Europe. Illustrations, Comments, and Bibliography, https://peter-gerlach.eu/physindex.php
- Gerrig, Richard J. 1993. Experiencing Narrative Worlds: On the Psychological Activities of Reading (New Haven: Yale University Press)
- Gerrig, Richard J., and David W. Allbritton. 1990. ‘The Construction of Literary Character: A View from Cognitive Psychology’, Style, 24.3: 380–91
- Gersbach, Sarah, and Nicole Güdel. 2015. ‘Suggestions pédagogiques et fiches pratiques pour l’exploitation du film “Yellow Fever”’, education21, https://www.education21.ch/de/yellow-fever
- Ghosh, Bishnupriya. 2011. Global Icons: Apertures to the Popular (Durham: Duke University Press)
- Giles, David C. 2002. ‘Parasocial Interaction: A Review of the Literature and a Model for Future Research’, Media Psychology, 4.3: 279–305, https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532785xmep0403_04
- Gitelman, Lisa. 2006. Always Already New: Media, History, and the Data of Culture (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press)
- Gläser, Helga, Bernhard Gross, and Hermann Kappelhoff (eds). 2001. Blick, Macht, Gesicht (Traversen) (Berlin: Vorwerk 8)
- Gledhill, Christin. 1995. ‘Women Reading Men‘, in Me Jane. Masculinity, Movies and Women, ed. by Pat Krikham and Janet Thumim (London: Lawrence & Wishart), pp. 73–91
- Gledhill, Christine. 1980. ‘Klute 1: A Contemporary Film Noir and Feminist Criticism’, in Women in Film Noir, 2nd edn, ed. by E. Ann Kaplan (British Film Institute), pp. 6–21
- Gleich, Uli. 1997. Parasoziale Interaktionen und Beziehungen von Fernsehzuschauern mit Personen auf dem Bildschirm: ein theoretischer und empirischer Beitrag zum Konzept des aktiven Rezipienten (Landau: Verlag Empirische Pädagogik)
- Godersky, Carla. 2000. Intimität in organisationalen Beziehungen: Theoretische Grundlagen, Entstehung und Wirkungen (Frankfurt a.M./New York: P. Lang)
- Godin, Seth (ed.). 1996. The Encyclopedia of Fictional People: The Most Important Characters of the 20th Century (New York: Berkley Publishing Group)
- Goodman, Nelson. 1976. Languages of Art: An Approach to a Theory of Symbols, 2nd edn (Indianapolis: Hackett)
- Goodman, Nelson. 2013. Ways of Worldmaking (Indianapolis: Hackett)
- Gordon, Robert M. 1995. ‘Sympathy, Simulation, and the Impartial Spectator’, Ethics, 105.4: 727–42, https://doi.org/10.1086/293750
- Gordon, Robert M., and Joe Cruz. 2001. ‘Simulation Theory’, University of Missouri–St. Louis, https://www.umsl.edu/~philo/Mind_Seminar/New%20Pages/papers/Gordon/np-enc.html
- Gordon-Chipembere, Natasha (ed.). 2011. Representation and Black Womanhood: The Legacy of Sarah Baartman (New York: Palgrave Macmillan), https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230339262
- Görres-Ohde, Konstanze, and Andreas Stuhlmann (eds). 1997. Reflexionen in Texten, Bilder vom Menschen: Für Horst Ohde (Hamburg: LIT)
- Grabe, Shelly, L. Monique Ward, and Janet Shibley Hyde. 2008. ‘The Role of the Media in Body Image Concerns among Women: A Meta-Analysis of Experimental and Correlational Studies’, Psychological Bulletin, 134.3: 460, https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.134.3.460
- Grabes, Herbert. 1978. ‘Wie aus Sätzen Personen werden: Über die Erforschung literarischer Figuren’, Poetica, 10.4: 405–28, https://doi.org/10.1163/25890530-01004001
- Graham, Jesse, et al. 2013. ‘Moral Foundations Theory: The Pragmatic Validity of Moral Pluralism’, in Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 47, ed. by Patricia Devine and Ashby Plant (New York: Academic Press), pp. 55–130
- Grau, Oliver, and Andreas Keil (eds). 2005. Mediale Emotionen: zur Lenkung von Gefühlen durch Bild und Sound (Frankfurt a. M.: Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag)
- Green, Martin. 1991. Seven Types of Adventure Tale: An Etiology of a Major Genre (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press)
- Green, Melanie C. 2004. ‘Transportation into Narrative Worlds: The Role of Prior Knowledge and Perceived Realism’, Discourse Processes, 38.2: 247–66, https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326950dp3802_5
- Greenaway, Peter. 1993. Das Wunder von Macon: Ein Film, trans. by Thomas Bodmer (Hamburg: Rogner & Bernhard)
- Gregersen, Andreas. 2019. ‘Owning Our Actions: Identification with Avatars in Video Games’, in Screening Characters. Theories of Character in Film, Television, and Interactive Media, ed. by Johannes Riis and Aaron Taylor (London: Routledge), pp. 174–87
- Greimas, Algirdas Julien. 1971. Strukturale Semantik: Methodologische Untersuchungen (Braunschweig: Vieweg)
- Greimas, Algirdas Julien. 1972. ‘Die Struktur der Erzählaktanten. Versuch eines generativen Ansatzes’, in Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik, vol. 3, ed. by Jens Ihwe (Frankfurt: Athenäum Fischer), pp. 218–238
- Greimas, Algirdas Julien. 1974. ‘Les actants, les acteurs et les figures’, in Sémiotique narrative et textuelle, ed. by Claude Chabrol (Paris: Larousse), pp. 161–76
- Greimas, Algirdas Julien. 1982. ‘Actant and Actor’, in Semiotics and Language: An Analytical Dictionary, ed. by Algirdas Julien Greimas and Joseph Courtés (Bloomington: Indiana University Press), pp. 5–8
- Greimas, Algirdas Julien. 1987. ‘Actants, Actors, and Figures’, in On Meaning: Selected Writings in Semiotic Theory’, trans. by Paul J. Perron and Frank H Collins (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press), pp. 106–20
- Greimas, Algirdas Julien, and Jacques Fontanille. 1993. The Semiotics of Passions: From States of Affairs to States of Feeling (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press)
- Greitemeyer, Tobias. 2022. ‘Prosocial Modeling: Person Role Models and the Media’, Current Opinion in Psychology, 44: 135–39, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.08.024
- Grice, Paul. 1989. Studies in the Way of Words (Cambridge: Harvard University Press)
- Griem, Julika, and Eckart Voigts-Virchow. 2002. ‘Filmnarratologie: Grundlagen, Tendenzen und Beispielanalysen’, in Erzähltheorie transgenerisch, intermedial, interdisziplinär, ed. by Ansgar Nünning and Vera Nünning (Trier: VWT), pp. 155–83
- Griese, Hartmut M. 2002. ‘Rolle’, in Wörterbuch der Soziologie, ed. by Günter Endruweit and Gisela Trommsdorf, 2nd edn (Stuttgart: UVK/Lucius), pp. 458–62
- Grimm, Jacob, and Wilhelm Grimm. 2023. ‘Nah’, Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm [digital copy], in Wörterbuchnetz, edited by Trier Center for Digital Humanities, https://woerterbuchnetz.de/?sigle=DWB&lemid=N02271
- Grimm, Petra. 1996. Filmnarratologie: Eine Einführung in die Praxis der Interpretation am Beispiel des Werbespots (Munich: Diskurs-Film-Verlag Schaudig & Ledig)
- Grizzard, Matthew, and Allison Eden. 2022. ‘The Character Engagement and Moral Adjustment Model (CEMAM): A Synthesis of More than Six Decades of Research’, Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 66.4: 698–722, https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2022.2146116
- Grizzard, Matthew, et al. 2021. ‘Do Audiences Judge the Morality of Characters Relativistically? How Interdependence Affects Perceptions of Characters Temporal Moral Descent’, Human Communication Research, 47.4: 338–363, https://doi.org/10.1093/hcr/hqab011
- Grodal, Torben. 1999. Moving Pictures: A New Theory of Film Genres, Feelings, and Cognition, 2nd edn (Oxford: Clarendon Press)
- Grodal, Torben. 2001. ‘Film, Character Simulation, and Emotion’, in Nicht allein das Laufbild auf der Leinwand: Strukturen des Films als Erlebnispotentiale, ed. by Jörg Friess, Britta Hartmann, and Eggo Müller (Berlin: Vistas), pp. 115–28
- Grodal, Torben. 2006. ‘The PECMA Flow: A General Model of Visual Aesthetics’, Film Studies, 8.1: 1–11, https://doi.org/10.7227/FS.8.3
- Grodal, Torben. 2009. Embodied Visions: Evolution, Emotion, Culture and Film (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
- Groddeck, Wolfram, and Ulrich Stadler (eds). 1994. Physiognomie und Pathognomie: zur literarischen Darstellung von Individualität: Festschrift für Karl Pestalozzi zum 65. Geburtstag (Berlin/New York: De Gruyter)
- Groebel, Jo, and Peter Winterhoff-Spurk (eds). 1989. Empirische Medienpsychologie (Munich: Psychologie Verlags Union)
- Grosz, David. 2007. ‘Casablanca: Political Allegory’, SparkNotes, https://www.sparknotes.com/film/casablanca/section4/
- Guirgis, Marie Thérèse. 2020. ‘Loving Movies in the Age of #MeToo’, Talkhouse 21 February 2020, https://www.talkhouse.com/loving-movies-in-the-age-of-metoo/
- Gumpert, Gary, and Robert Cathcart (eds). 1983. Inter/Media: Interpersonal Communication in a Media World, 3rd edn (New York: Oxford University Press)
- Hagberg, Garry L. (ed.). 2016. Fictional Characters, Real Problems: The Search for Ethical Content in Literature (Oxford: Oxford University Press), https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198715719.001.0001
- Hagener, Malte, and Ingrid Vendrell Ferran (eds.). 2017. Empathie im Film: Perspektiven der Ästhetischen Theorie, Phänomenologie und Analytischen Philosophie (Bielefeld: Transcript)
- Hall, Ronald. 2021. ‘Women of Color Spend More Than $8 Billion on Bleaching Creams Worldwide Every Year’, The Conversation, 19 February 2021, https://theconversation.com/women-of-color-spend-more-than-8-billion-on-bleaching-creams-worldwide-every-year-153178
- Hall, Stuart (ed.). 1997. Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices (London/Thousand Oaks/New Delhi: Sage Publications)
- Hall, Stuart (ed.). 2003. ‘Encoding/Decoding’, in Hall, Culture, Media, Language: Working Papers in Cultural Studies (London: Routledge), pp. 117–27
- Hanich, Julian. 2010. Cinematic Emotion in Horror Films and Thrillers: The Aesthetic Paradox of Pleasurable Fear (New York: Taylor & Francis), https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203854587
- Hanich, Julian. 2018. The Audience Effect: On the Collective Cinema Experience (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press)
- Hans, Jan. 2001. ‘Das Medien-Dispositiv’, Tiefenschärfe, 2: 22–29, https://www.slm.uni-hamburg.de/imk/forschung/publikationen/tiefenschaerfe.html
- Hansen, Per Krogh. 2012. ‘Formalizing the Study of Character: Traits, Profiles, Possibilities’, in Disputable Core Concepts of Narrative Theory, ed. by Göran Rossholm and Christer Johansson (Bern: Peter Lang), pp. 99–118, https://doi.org/10.3726/978-3-0343-1143-4/7
- Harding, Jennifer, and E. Deidre Pribram (eds.). 2009. Emotions. A Cultural Studies Reader (New York/London: Routledge)
- Harmetz, Aljean. 2001. Verhaften Sie die üblichen Verdächtigen: Wie „Casablanca“ gemacht wurde, translated by Matthias Müller (Berlin: Berlin Verlag). [English first edition: 1992. Round Up the Usual Suspects: The Making of “Casablanca” (New York: Hyperion)]
- Harper, Kathryn, and Becky L. Choma. 2019. ‘Internalised White Ideal, Skin Tone Surveillance, and Hair Surveillance Predict Skin and Hair Dissatisfaction and Skin Bleaching among African American and Indian Women’, Sex Roles, 80.11: 735–44, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-018-0966-9
- Harshaw, Benjamin, et al. (eds). 1986. ‘Theory of Character’ (special issue), Poetics Today, 7.2: 185–350
- Hartmann, Britta. 1995. ‘Anfang, Exposition, Initiation: Perspektiven einer pragmatischen Texttheorie des Filmanfangs’, Montage AV, 4.2: 101–22, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/496
- Hartmann, Britta. 2001. ‘“Der Anfang ist immer das schwerste, auch bei Geschichten”: Etablierung des Textstatus in Fassbinders Fontane Effi Briest’ (unpublished manuscript of the lecture at the UZH seminar for film studies, 28 May 2001, Zurich)
- Hartmann, Britta, and Hans Jürgen Wulff. 1995. ‘Vom Spezifischen des Films: Neoformalismus - Kognitivismus - historische Poetik’, Montage AV, 4.1: 5–22, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/481
- Hartmann, Britta, and Hans Jürgen Wulff. 2002. ‘“Neoformalismus”—“Kognitivismus”—“Historische Poetik”’, in Moderne Film Theorie, ed. by Jürgen Felix (Mainz: Bender), pp. 191–216
- Hartmann, Tilo. 2016. ‘Parasocial Interaction, Parasocial Relationships, and Well-Being’, in The Routledge Handbook of Media Use and Well-being: International Perspectives on Theory and Research on Positive Media Effects, ed. by Leonard Reinecke and Mary Beth Oliver (New York: Routledge), pp. 131–44.
- Hartmann, Tilo, Holger Schramm, and Christoph Klimmt. 2004. ‘Vorbereitende Überlegungen zur theoretischen Modellierung parasozialer Interaktionen im Prozess der Medienrezeption’, https://www.ijk.hmtm-hannover.de/fileadmin/www.ijk/pdf/Forschung/PSI.pdf
- Hartner, Marcus. 2024. ‘Fictional Characters in Literary Theory—A Short History’, e-Rea. Revue Électronique d’Études sur le Monde Anglophone, 21.2, https://doi.org/10.4000/11w9t
- Harvey, William John. 1970. Character and the Novel, 3rd edn (London: Chatto & Windus)
- Hasebrink, Uwe. 2003. ‘Nutzungsforschung’, in Öffentliche Kommunikation: Handbuch Kommunikations- und Medienwissenschaft, ed. by Günter Bentele, Hans-Bernd Brosius and Otfried Jarren (Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag), pp. 101–27
- Hasebrink, Uwe, and Holger Schramm. 2004. ‘Fernsehnutzung und Fernsehwirkung’, in Lehrbuch der Medienpsychologie, ed. by Roland Mangold, Peter Vorderer, and Gary Bente (Göttingen: Hogrefe), pp. 465–92
- Haskell, Molly. 1987. From Reverence to Rape: The Treatment of Women in the Movies (Chicago: University of Chicago Press)
- Hauskeller, Michael, Thomas D. Philbeck, and Curtis D. Carbonell (eds). 2015. The Palgrave Handbook of Posthumanism in Film and Television (London: Palgrave Macmillan), https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137430328.0004
- Haußer, Karl. 2002. ‘Identität’, Wörterbuch der Soziologie, ed. by Günter Endruweit and Gisela Trommsdorf, 2nd edn (Stuttgart: UVK/Lucius), pp. 218–20
- Hay, Lucy V. 2022. Writing Diverse Characters for Fiction, TV or Film (Harpenden: Kamera Books/Creative Essentials)
- Hayward, Susan. 1996a. ‘Spectator/Spectator Identification/Female Spectator’, in Key Concepts in Cinema Studies, ed. by Susan Hayward (London/New York: Routledge), pp. 331–37
- Hayward, Susan. 1996b. ‘Star’, in Key Concepts in Cinema Studies, ed. by Susan Hayward (London/New York: Routledge), pp. 337–48
- Hayward, Susan. 1996c. ‘Stereotype’, in Key Concepts in Cinema Studies, ed. by Susan Hayward (London/New York: Routledge), pp. 348–53
- Heath, Stephen. 1981. ‘Body, Voice’, in Questions of Cinema, ed. by Stephen Heath (London: Macmillan Education UK), pp. 176–93
- Hediger, Vinzenz. 2001. Verführung zum Film: Der amerikanische Kinotrailer seit 1912 (Marburg: Schüren)
- Hediger, Vinzenz. 2002. ‘Des einen Fetisch ist des anderen Cue: Kognitive und psychoanalytische Filmtheorie: Lehren aus einem verpassten Rendezvous’, in Film und Psychologie - nach der kognitiven Phase?, ed. by Jan Sellmer and Hans Jürgen Wulff (Marburg: Schüren), pp. 41–58
- Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich. 1971. Vorlesungen über die Ästhetik: Dritter Teil: Die Poesie, ed. by Rüdiger Bubner (Stuttgart: Reclam)
- Heidbrink, Henriette. 2005. ‘Das Summen der Teile: Über die Fragmentierung von Film und Figur’, Navigationen - Zeitschrift für Medien- und Kulturwissenschaften, 5.1–2: 163–95, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/1117
- Heidbrink, Henriette. 2008. ‘Personenzentrierte Filmanalyse: Ein integratives Modell zur systematischen Beobachtung von Filmen’ (doctoral thesis, University of Siegen), https://dspace.ub.uni-siegen.de/handle/ubsi/521
- Heidbrink, Henriette, and Rainer Leschke (eds). 2010. Formen der Figur: Figurenkonzepte in Künsten und Medien (Constance: UVK Verlagsgesellschaft)
- Heine, Heinrich. 1916. Poems of Heinrich Heine, ed. and trans. by Louis Untermeyer (New York: Harcourt, Brace & Howe)
- Heise, David R. 1970. ‘The Semantic Differential and Attitude Research’, in Attitude Measurement, ed. by Gene F. Summers (Chicago: Rand McNally), pp. 235–53, https://kb-research.ca/archives/ACT/recovered/SemanticDifferential.pdf
- Heller, Heinz-B (ed.). 1991. Leben aus zweiter Hand? Soziale Phantasie und mediale Erfahrung (Münster: MAkS Publikationen)
- Heller, Heinz-Bernd, et al. (eds). 1999. Der Körper im Bild: Schauspielen - Darstellen - Erscheinen (Marburg: Schüren)
- Henss, Ronald. 1995. ‘Das Fünf-Faktoren-Modell der Persönlichkeit bei der Beurteilung von Gesichtern’, Report Psychologie, 20.3: 28–39
- Herman, David. 2013. Storytelling and the Sciences of Mind (Cambridge/London: MIT Press)
- Herman, David, Manfred Jahn, and Marie-Laure Ryan (eds.). 2005. Routledge Encyclopedia of Narrative Theory (London: Routledge), https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203932896
- Herman, Luc. 1998. ‘Literaturtheorien des Realismus’, in Metzler Lexikon Literatur- und Kulturtheorie, ed. by Ansgar Nünning (Stuttgart: Metzler), pp. 451–453
- Hermerén, Göran. 1983. ‘Interpretation: Types and Criteria’, Grazer Philosophische Studien 19: 131–61, https://doi.org/10.5840/gps19831923
- Herrmann, Jörg. 2007. Medienerfahrung und Religion. Eine empirisch-qualitative Studie zur Medienreligion (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht)
- Hesley, John W., and Jan G. Hesley. 2001. Rent Two Films and Let’s Talk in the Morning: Using Popular Movies in Psychotherapy, 2nd edn (New York: Wiley)
- Heydrich, Wolfgang. 2000. ‘EcoLogie – Salz in semiotische Suppe’, in Ecos Echos. Das Werk Umberto Ecos: Dimensionen, Rezeptionen, Kritiken, ed. by Tom Kindt and Hans H. Müller (Munich: Fink), pp. 79–94
- Hickethier, Knut. 1982. ‘Das Zucken im Mundwinkel: Schauspielen in den Medien’, TheaterZeitSchrift, 1.2: 15–31
- Hickethier, Knut. 1990. ‘Schauspielen in Film und Fernsehen’, in Kinoschriften: Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft für Filmtheorie (Vienna: Verband der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaften Österreichs), pp. 45–68
- Hickethier, Knut. 1997. ‘Spezialistinnen der kalten Ekstase: Zarah Leander und Magdalena Montezuma: Zum Schauspielen im Film’, in Reflexionen in Texten, Bilder vom Menschen: für Horst Ohde, ed. by Horst Ohde, Konstanze Görres-Ohde and Andreas Stuhlmann (Hamburg: LIT), pp. 31–48
- Hickethier, Knut. 2000. ‘Acting und Performance: Angela Winkler’, in Ladies, Vamps, Companions Schauspielerinnen im Kino; drittes Symposium (1999), ed. by Susanne Marschall and Norbert Grob (St. Augustin: Gardez), pp. 250–367
- Hickethier, Knut. 2001a. ‘Film und Fernsehen’ (unpublished paper, presented at the Deutsch-Französisches Kolloquium, 08.–11.03.2001, Potsdam)
- Hickethier, Knut. 2001b. ‘“Wie bitte, Sie lieben das Meer nicht?”: “Bleiben Sie dran!” Mediale Inszenierungen und Mehrfachadressierungen’ (unpublished manuscript, Hamburg)
- Hickethier, Knut. 2003. ‘Mediendispositiv’, in Einführung in die Medienkultur (Stuttgart: Metzler), pp. 186–201
- Hillebrandt, Claudia. 2015. ‘Figur und Emotion’, Mitteilungen des Deutschen Germanistenverbandes, 62.3: 212–26
- Hippel, Klemens. 1992. ‘Parasoziale Interaktion: Bericht und Bibliographie’, Montage AV: 135–55, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/9
- Hirsch, Eric D. 1972. Prinzipien der Interpretation (Munich: Fink)
- Hirschfeld, Lawrence A. 2001. ‘On a Folk Theory of Society: Children, Evolution, and Mental Representations of Social Groups’, Personality and Social Psychology Review, 5.2: 106–16, https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327957PSPR0502_2
- Hissnauer, Christian, and Thomas Klein (eds). 2002. Männer, Machos, Memmen: Männlichkeit im Film (Mainz: Bender)
- Hjort, Mette. 2022. ‘The Ethics of Filmmaking: How the Genetic History of Works Affects Their Value’, in A Companion to Motion Pictures and Public Value, ed. by Mette Hjort and Ted Nannicelli (Oxford: Wiley), pp. 148–170.
- Hoberg, Almuth. 1999. Film und Computer: Wie digitale Bilder den Spielfilm verändern, Campus Forschung (Frankfurt a.M./New York: Campus)
- Hochman, Baruch. 1985. Character in Literature (Ithaca/London: Cornell University Press)
- Hochschild, Arlie Russell. 2012. The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling, 3rd edn (Berkeley/London: University of California Press)
- Hochschild, Björn. 2023. Figuren begegnen in Filmen und Comics (Berlin/Boston: DeGruyter)
- Hoff, Peter. 1996. ‘Kalter Krieg: Rocky IV—Der Kampf des Jahrhunderts (1985)’, in Fischer Filmgeschichte, ed. by Werner Faulstich and Helmut Korte, 5 vols (Frankfurt a.M.: Fischer), V, pp. 157–75
- Hoffner, Cynthia, and Joanne Cantor. 1991. ‘Perceiving and Responding to Mass Media Characters’, in Responding to the Screen: Reception and Reaction Processes, ed. by Dolf Zillmann and Jennings Bryant (Hillsdale: Taylor & Francis Inc), pp. 63–102
- Hogan, Patrick Colm. 2003a. Cognitive Science, Literature, and the Arts: A Guide for Humanists (New York/London: Routledge)
- Hogan, Patrick Colm. 2003b. The Mind and Its Stories: Narrative Universals and Human Emotion (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Hogan, Patrick Colm. 2007. ‘Sensorimotor Projection, Violations of Continuity, and Emotion in the Experience of Film’, Projections, 1.1: 41–58, https://doi.org/10:3167/proj.2007.010104
- Hogan, Patrick Colm. 2011. Affective Narratology: The Emotional Structure of Stories (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press), https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1df4gnk
- Hogg, Michael A. 1999. ‘Group Structure and Social Identity Theory’, in The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, ed. by Anthony R. Manstead and Miles Hewstone, 2nd edn (Oxford/Malden: Blackwell), pp. 555–60 and 279–82
- Holland, Norman N. 1992. The Critical I (New York/Oxford: Columbia University Press)
- Holland, Norman N. 2000. ‘The Mind and the Book: A Long Look at Psychoanalytic Literary Criticism’, Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies, 2: 13–23.
- Holland, Norman N. 2006. Meeting Movies (Madison: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press)
- Holm, Nancy G. 2002. ‘The Wrong Man Gave Her the Right Feelings’, P.O.V., 14, https://pov.imv.au.dk/Issue_14/section_1/artc4A.html
- Holtzman, Linda, and Leon Sharpe. 2014. Media Messages: What Film, Television, and Popular Music Teach Us about Race, Class, Gender, and Sexual Orientation, 2nd edn (New York: Routledge), https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315702469
- Hook, Joshua, et al. 2021. ‘The Enneagram: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Directions for Future Research’, Journal of Clinical Psychology, 77.4: 865–83, https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23097
- hooks, bell. 1992. Black Looks: Race and Representation (Boston: South End Press)
- Hoorn, Johan F., and Elly A. Konijn. 2003. ‘Perceiving and Experiencing Fictional Characters: An Integrative Account’, Japanese Psychological Research, 45.4: 250–68, https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5884.00225
- Horton, Donald, and R. Richard Wohl. 1956. ‘Mass Communication and Para-Social Interaction: Observation on Intimacy at a Distance’, Psychiatry, 19: 215–29, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09923-7_7
- Horton, Donald, and R. Richard Wohl. 1986. ‘Mass Communication and Para-Social Interaction: Observation on Intimacy at a Distance’, in Inter/Media: Interpersonal Communication in a Media World, ed. by Gary Gumpert and Robert Cathcart, 3rd edn (New York: Oxford University Press), pp. 185–206
- Howard, David, and Edward Mabley. 1996. The Tools of Screenwriting (New York: St. Martin’s Press)
- Howell, Robert. 1998. ‘Fiction, Semantics of’, Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. by Edward Craig (London/New York: Routledge), pp. 659–63
- Hubbard, Lee. 2003. ‘Racism in Outer Space?’, Konch Magazine, https://web.archive.org/web/20040224191705/http://www.ishmaelreedpub.com/LeeHubbard.html
- Hübler, Axel. 2001. Das Konzept ‘Körper’ in den Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaften (Tübingen/Basle: Francke)
- Hügel, Hans-Otto. 1999. ‘Spieler und Spion—eleganter Profi und Mann von Welt: Zur Geschichte und Einheit der Figur James Bond’, Montage AV: 7–28, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/52
- Hunter, Margaret. 2021. ‘Colorism and the Racial Politics of Beauty’, in The Routledge Companion to Beauty Politics, ed. by Maxine Leeds Craig (London: Routledge), pp. 85–93, https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429283734-11
- Husserl, Edmund. 1993. Logische Untersuchungen: Untersuchungen zur Phänomenologie und Theorie der Erkenntnis, 2 vols, 7th edn (Tübingen: Niemeyer), I
- Hven, Steffen. 2019. ‘The Affective Niches of Media’, NECSUS: European Journal of Media Studies, 8.1: 105–25, https://necsus-ejms.org/the-affective-niches-of-media/
- Ingarden, Roman. 1972. Das literarische Kunstwerk: Mit einem Anhang: Von den Funktionen der Sprache im Theaterschauspiel, 4th edn (Tübingen: Niemeyer)
- Ingarden, Roman. 1974. The Cognition of the Literary Work of Art (Evanston: Northwestern University Press)
- Isenberg, Noah. 2017. We’ll Always Have Casablanca: The Legend and Afterlife of Hollywood’s Most Beloved Film (New York: WW Norton & Company)
- Iser, Wolfgang. 1978. The Act of Reading: A Theory of Aesthetic Response (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), http://books.google.com/books?id=eNViAAAAMAAJ
- Jacke, Andreas. 2010. Roman Polanski––Traumatische Seelenlandschaften (Gießen: Psychosozial-Verlag)
- Jäckel, Michael. 2002. Medienwirkungen: Ein Studienbuch zur Einführung, 2nd edn (Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag)
- Jacob, Pierre. 2019. ‘Intentionality’, in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. by Edward N. Zalta (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2019/entries/intentionality/
- Jahn, Manfred. 2001. ‘Narratology: A Guide to the Theory of Narrative’, Poems, Plays, and Prose: A Guide to the Theory of Literary Genres (project page English Department, University of Cologne), https://www.uni-koeln.de/%7Eame02/pppn.pdf
- Jahraus, Oliver. 1994. ‘Analyse und Interpretation: Zu Grenzen und Grenzüberschreitungen im struktural-literaturwissenschaftlichen Theorienkonzept’, Internationales Archiv für Sozialgeschichte der deutschen Literatur, 19.2: 1–51
- James, Henry. 1948. The Art of Fiction (New York: Oxford University Press)
- Jannidis, Fotis. 1998. ‘Figur, literarische’, in Metzler Lexikon Literatur- und Kulturtheorie, ed. by Ansgar Nünning (Stuttgart/Weimar: J.B. Metzler), p. 149
- Jannidis, Fotis. 2000. ‘Figur und Person’ (unpublished manuscript of a lecture, 20.01.2000, Hamburg)
- Jannidis, Fotis. 2004. Figur und Person: Beitrag zu einer historischen Narratologie (Berlin/New York: De Gruyter)
- Jannidis, Folis. 2013. ‘Character’, The Living Handbook of Narratology, ed. by Peter Hühn et al. (Hamburg: Hamburg University), http://www.lhn.uni-hamburg.de/article/character
- Jannidis, Fotis, et al. (eds). 2003. Regeln der Bedeutung: Zur Theorie der Bedeutung literarischer Texte, Revisionen (Berlin/New York: De Gruyter)
- Jasper, James M., Michael Young, and Elke Zuern. 2018. ‘Character Work in Social Movements’, Theory and Society, 47.1: 113–31, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11186-018-9310-1
- Jauß, Hans R. 1972. Kleine Apologie der Ästhetischen Erfahrung (Constance: Universitätsverlag)
- Jauß, Hans R. 1984. ‘Ästhetische Identifikation – Versuch über den literarischen Helden’, in Ästhetische Erfahrung und literarische Hermeneutik, ed. by Hans R. Jauß, 3rd edn (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp), pp. 244–92
- Jeffers McDonald, E. L. Tamar. 2006. ‘“Very Little Wrist Movement”: Rock Hudson Acts Out Sexual Heterodoxy’, Canadian Journal of Communication, 31.4: 843–58, https://doi.org/10.22230/cjc.2006v31n4a1681
- Jenkins, Tricia, and Tom Secker. 2022. Superheroes, Movies and the State. How the US Government Shapes Cinematic Universes (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas)
- Johnson-Laird, Philip Nicholas. 1983. Mental Models (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Johnson-Laird, Philip Nicholas. 1989. ‘Mental Models’, in Foundations of Cognitive Science, ed. by Michael I. Posner (Cambridge/London: MIT Press), pp. 469–500
- Jones, Ernest. 1949. Hamlet and Oedipus (New York: Norton)
- Jung, Carl G. 1964. Man and His Symbols (New York: Anchor Books/Doubleday)
- Kaczmarek, Ludger. 1999. ‘Affektuelle Steuerung der Rezeption von TV-Spielfilmen: Begriffsklärungen und theoretische Grundlagen’, Medienwissenschaft/Kiel: Berichte und Papiere, 5, https://www.uni-kiel.de/medien/kacz.html
- Kahneman, Daniel. 2011. Thinking, Fast and Slow (London: Allen Lane)
- Kamir, Orit. 2005. ‘Cinematic Judgment and Jurisprudence: A Woman’s Memory, Recovery and Justice in a Post-Traumatic Society (A Study of Polanski’s Death and the Maiden)’, in Law on the Screen, ed. by Austin Sarat et al. (Redwood City, CA: Standford University Press), pp. 27–81
- Kant, Immanuel. 1983. Anthropologie in pragmatischer Hinsicht, ed. by Wolfgang Becker (Stuttgart: Reclam)
- Kantorowicz, Ernst H. 1990. Die zwei Körper des Königs: Eine Studie zur politischen Theologie des Mittelalters (Munich: dtv)
- Kaplan, E. Ann. 1990. ‘A Denial of Difference’, in Psychoanalysis & Cinema (London/New York: Routledge), pp. 36–45
- Kappelhoff, Hermann. 1999. ‘Gestische Emblematik: Fassbinders Katzelmacher und Brechts “sozialer Gestus”’, in Schauspielen und Montage, ed. by Knut Hickethier (St. Augustin: Gardez), pp. 193–221
- Kappelhoff, Hermann. 2007. ‘Die vierte Dimension des Bewegungsbildes: Das filmische Bild im Übergang zwischen individueller Leiblichkeit und kultureller Fantasie’, in Audiovisuelle Emotionen: Emotionsdarstellung und Emotionsvermittlung durch audiovisuelle Medienangebote, ed. by Anne Bartsch, Jens Eder and Kathrin Fahlenbrach (Cologne: Herbert von Halem), pp. 297–311
- Kappelhoff, Hermann. 2018. Kognition und Reflexion: Zur Theorie filmischen Denkens (Berlin: De Gruyter)
- Katz, Steven D. 1998. Die richtige Einstellung (Frankfurt a.M.: Zweitausendeins)
- Kau, Edvin V. 2002. ‘We Said No Questions’, P.O.V., 14, https://pov.imv.au.dk/Issue_14/section_1/artc11A.html
- Kawin, Bruce F. 1978. Mindscreen: Bergman, Godard, and First-Person Film (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press)
- Keen, Suzanne. 2007. Empathy and the Novel (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
- Keen, Suzanne. 2013. ‘Narrative Empathy’, in The Living Handbook of Narratology, ed. by Peter Hühn et al. (Hamburg: Hamburg University), http://www.lhn.uni-hamburg.de/article/narrative-empathy
- Kelly, Rory. 2016. ‘Rethinking the Character Arc’, Observations on Film Art, 10 July, https://www.davidbordwell.net/blog/2016/07/10/rethinking-the-character-arc-a-guest-post-by-rory-kelly/
- Keppler, Angela. 1995. ‘Person und Figur: Identifikationsangebote in Fernsehserien’, Montage AV, 4.2: 84–99, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/495
- Kharms, Daniil. 2010. ‘Anthology of Russian Minimalist and Miniature Poems; Part I, The Silver Age: The Blue Notebook, No. 10’, trans. by Alex Cigale, Offcourse Literary Journal, 41: 5.
- Kinder, Marsha. 1991. Playing with Power in Movies Television and Video Games: From Muppet Babies to Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (Berkeley: University of California Press)
- Kindt, Tom, and Hans-Harald Müller (eds). 2006. The Implied Author: Concept and Controversy (Berlin: De Gruyter)
- King, Jess. 2022. Inclusive Screenwriting for Film and Television (New York: Focal Press)
- Kirsten, Guido. 2009. ‘Die Liebe zum Detail: Bazin und der “Wirklichkeitseffekt” im Film’, Montage AV, 18.1: 141–62, https://www.montage-av.de/a_2009_1_18.html
- Kiss, Anna Luise. 2019. Topographie des Laiendarsteller-Diskurses (Wiesbaden: Springer VS)
- Klapp, Orrin E. 1962. Heroes, Villains, and Fools: The Changing American Character (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall)
- Klinger, Barbara. 1994. Melodrama and Meaning: History, Culture, and the Films of Douglas Sirk (Bloomington: Indiana University Press)
- Klinger, Barbara. 2022. Immortal Films: ‘Casablanca’ and the Afterlife of a Hollywood Classic (Oakland: University of California Press)
- Knapp, John V. (ed.). 1990. ‘Literary Character’ (special issue), Style, 24.3
- Knapp, John V. 1990. ‘Introduction: Self-Preservation and Self-Transformation: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Literary Character’, Style, 24.3: 349–64
- Knowles, Murray, and Rosamund Moon. 2006. Introducing Metaphor (Abingdon/New York: Routledge)
- Koch, Gertrud (ed.). 1995. Auge und Affekt. Wahrnehmung und Interaktion (Frankfurt a.M.: Fischer)
- Koch, Thomas. 1991. Literarische Menschendarstellung Studien zu ihrer Theorie und Praxis (Tübingen: Stauffenburg), http://d-nb.info/911018492/04
- Koebner, Thomas (ed.). 2002. Reclams Sachlexikon des Films (Stuttgart: Reclam)
- Koebner, Thomas. 1998. ‘Letztes Jahr in Marienbad’, in Filmklassiker: Beschreibungen und Kommentare, ed. by Thomas Koebner and Kerstin-Luise Neumann, 4 vols (Stuttgart: Reclam), II, 447–51
- Konijn, Elly, and Johan F. Hoorn. 2005. ‘Some like It Bad: Testing a Model for Perceiving and Experiencing Fictional Characters’, Media Psychology, 7: 107–44, http://doi.org/10.1207/S1532785XMEP0702_1
- Konijn, Elly, and Johan F. Hoorn. 2017. ‘Parasocial Interaction and Beyond: Media Personae and Affective Bonding’, in The International Encyclopedia of Media Effects, ed. by Patrick Rössler, Cynthia A. Hoffner, and Liesbet van Zoonen (London: Wiley-Blackwell), pp. 1–15, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118783764.wbieme0071
- Köppe, Tilmann, and Tom Kindt. 2014. Erzähltheorie: Eine Einführung (Stuttgart: Reclam)
- Korte, Helmut. 2000. Einführung in die systematische Filmanalyse (Berlin: Erich Schmidt)
- Kracauer, Siegfried, and Leonardo Quaresima. 2004. From Caligari to Hitler: A Psychological History of the German Film (Princeton: Princeton University Press)
- Kracauer, Siegfried. 1964. Theorie des Films: Die Errettung der äußeren Wirklichkeit (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp)
- Kraus, Matthias. 1996. ‘Der Körper im Bild: GFF-Tagung in Marburg’, MEDIENwissenschaft: Rezensionen, 13.4: 395–99, https://doi.org/10.17192/ep1996.4.4150
- Kress, Nancy. 1998. Dynamic Characters (Cincinnati: Writer’s Digest Books)
- Kripke, Saul A. 1984. Naming and Necessity (Oxford: Basil Blackwell)
- Kuhn, Annette. 1996. ‘History of Narrative Codes’, in The Cinema Book, ed. by Pam Cook, 8th edn (London: British Film Institute), pp. 208–20
- Künne, Wolfgang. 1983. Abstrakte Gegenstände: Semantik und Ontologie (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp)
- Künne, Wolfgang. 1986. ‘Edmund Husserl: Intentionalität’, in Grundprobleme der großen Philosophen: Philosophie der Neuzeit IV, ed. by Josef Speck (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht), pp. 165–215
- Kunz, Tobias, and Lukas R. A. Wilde. 2023. Transmedia Character Studies (Hillsdale: Taylor & Francis), https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003298793
- Kupperman, Joel. 1991. Character (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
- Labatut, Vincent, and Xavier Bost. 2019. ‘Extraction and Analysis of Fictional Character Networks: A Survey’, ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 52.5: 1–40, https://doi.org/10.1145/3344548
- Lacan, Jacques. 2006. Écrits, trans. by Bruce Fink (New York: Norton)
- Laine, Tarja. 2011. Feeling Cinema: Emotional Dynamics in Film Studies (New York: Continuum)
- Lakoff, George, and Mark Johnson. 1999. Philosophy in the Flesh: The Embodied Mind and Its Challenge of Western Thought (New York: Basic Books)
- Lakoff, George. 1990. Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal About the Mind (Chicago/London: University of Chicago Press)
- Lamarque, Peter. 1998. ‘Fictional Entities’, in Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. by Edward Craig (London/New York: Routledge), pp. 663–66, https://doi.org/10.4324/9780415249126-M021-1
- Lamnek, Siegfried. 2002. ‘Norm’, Wörterbuch der Soziologie, ed. by Günter Endruweit and Gisela Trommsdorf, 2nd edn (Stuttgart: UVK/Lucius), pp. 386–89
- Lamnek, Siegfried. 2002a. ‘Position’, Wörterbuch der Soziologie, ed. by Günter Endruweit and Gisela Trommsdorf, 2nd edn (Stuttgart: UVK/Lucius), pp. 408–9
- Landau, Terry. 1993. Von Angesicht zu Angesicht: Was Gesichter verraten und was sie verbergen (Berlin/Heidelberg/Oxford: Spektrum)
- Laplanche, Jean, and Jean-Bertrand Pontalis. 1999. Das Vokabular der Psychoanalyse, 15th edn (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp)
- Larroche, Valérie. 2019. The Dispositif: A Concept for Information and Communication Sciences (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley)
- Laucken, Uwe. 1974. Naive Verhaltenstheorie (Stuttgart: Ernst Klett Verlag)
- Lavater, Johann Casper. 1772. Von der Physiognomik (Leipzig: Weidmanns Erben und Reich), https://www.projekt-gutenberg.org/lavater/physiogn/physiogn.html
- Lavine, Howard, Eugene Borgida, and Laurie Rudman. 1994. ‘Social Cognition’, in Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, ed. by V. S. Ramachandran, 4 vols (San Diego/New York: Academic Press), IV, pp. 213–23
- LeDoux, Joseph E. 1996. The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life (New York: Simon & Schuster)
- LeDoux, Joseph E. 2003. Das Netz der Persönlichkeit: Wie unser Selbst entsteht (Düsseldorf/Zurich: Walter)
- Lee, Jason. 2013. The Psychology of Screenwriting: Theory and Practice (London: Bloomsbury Publishing)
- Leffelsend, Stefanie, Martina Mauch, and Bettina Hannover. 2004. ‘Mediennutzung und Medienwirkung’, in Lehrbuch der Medienpsychologie, ed. by Roland Mangold, Peter Vorderer and Gary Bente (Göttingen: Hogrefe), pp. 51–72
- Lenzen, Wolfgang. 2004. ‘Das Paradoxon der freiwilligen Quälerei’, in Moralität, Rationalität und die Emotionen, ed. by Achim Stephan and H. Walter (Ulm: Humboldt Studienzentrum), pp. 201–32
- Leschke, Rainer, and Henriette Heidbrink (eds). 2010. Formen der Figur: Figurenkonzepte in Künsten und Medien (Munich: UVK Verlagsgesellschaft)
- Leschke, Rainer, and Jochen Venus (eds). 2007. Spielformen im Spielfilm: Zur Medienmorphologie des Kinos nach der Postmoderne (Bielefeld: Transcript)
- Lessing, Gotthold E. 1958. Hamburgische Dramaturgie (Stuttgart: Alfred Kröner)
- Lewandowski, Theodor. 1990. Linguistisches Wörterbuch, 5th edn, 3 vols (Heidelberg/Wiesbaden: Quelle & Meyer)
- Linke, Christine, and Elizabeth Prommer. 2021. ‘From Fade-Out into Spotlight: An Audio-Visual Character Analysis (Acis) on the Diversity of Media Representation and Production Culture’, Studies in Communication Sciences, 21.1: 145–61, https://doi.org/10.24434/j.scoms.2021.01.010
- Lohmeier, Anke-Marie. 1996. Hermeneutische Theorie des Films (Tübingen: Max Niemeyer)
- Lotman, Jurij M. 1993. Die Struktur literarischer Texte, 4th edn (Munich: Fink)
- Loukides, Paul, and Linda K. Fuller. 1990. Beyond the Stars: Stock characters in American popular film (Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press)
- Lowenthal, Leo. 1986. Literature and the Image of Man (New Brunswick/Oxford: Transaction Books)
- Lowry, Stephen, and Helmut Korte. 2000. Der Filmstar (Heidelberg/Berlin: J.B. Metzler)
- Lukács, György. 1970. ‘The Intellectual Physiognomy in Characterization’, in Writer and Critic and Other Essays, trans. by Arthur Kahn (New York: Grosset and Dunlap), pp. 149–88
- Lukács, György. 1971. ‘Die intellektuelle Physiognomie des künstlerischen Gestaltens’, in Lukács, Georg Lukács Werke: Probleme des Realismus IV (Neuwied: Luchterhand), pp. 151–96
- Lyons, Jeff. 2020. Rapid Story Development: How to Use the Enneagram-Story Connection to Become a Master Storyteller (London: Routledge)
- MacDougall, David. 2006. The Corporeal Image. Film, Ethnography, and the Senses (Princeton: Princeton University Press)
- Madison, T. Phillip, Lance V. Porter, and Al Greule. 2015. ‘Parasocial Compensation Hypothesis: Predictors of Using Parasocial Relationships to Compensate for Real-Life Interaction’, Imagination, Cognition and Personality 35.3: 258–79, https://doi.org/10.1177/0276236615595
- Malle, Bertram F. 2007. ‘Attributions as Behavior Explanations: Toward a New Theory’, in Current Themes and Perspectives in Social Psychology, ed. by Derek Chadee and J. Hunter (St. Augustine: University of the West Indies), pp. 3–26
- Malle, Bertram. F. 1999. ‘How People Explain Behavior: A New Theoretical Framework’, Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3: 23–48, https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr030
- Maltby, Richard. 1996. ‘A Brief Romantic Interlude: Dick and Jane Go to 3½ Seconds of the Classical Hollywood Cinema’, in Post-Theory, ed. by David Bordwell and Noël Carroll (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press), pp. 434–59
- Maltby, Richard. 2003. Hollywood Cinema, 2nd edn (Malden: Wiley-Blackwell)
- Manchel, Frank. 1990. Film Study: An Analytical Bibliography (Cranbury/London/Mississauga: Associated University Presses)
- Mangold, Roland, Peter Vorderer, and Gary Bente (eds). 2004. Lehrbuch der Medienpsychologie (Göttingen: Hogrefe)
- Manninen, Tony. 2003. ‘Conceptual, Communicative and Pragmatic Aspects of Interaction Forms: Rich Interaction Model for Collaborative Virtual Environments’, in Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents (USA: IEEE Computer Society), pp. 168–74
- Manstead, Antony S. R., and Miles Hewstone (eds). 1999. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, 2nd edn (Oxford/Malden: Blackwell)
- Manthey, Dirk (ed.). 1999. Wie ein Film entsteht, 2nd edn, 2 vols (Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt)
- Marchesini, Roberto, and Karin Andersen. 2001. Animal appeal: uno studio sul teriomorfismo (Alberto Perdisa Editore)
- Margolin, Uri. 1986. ‘The Doer and the Deed: Action as a Basis for Characterization in Narrative’, Poetics Today, 7.2: 205–25, https://doi.org/10.2307/1772759
- Margolin, Uri. 1990a. ‘Individuals in Narrative Worlds: An Ontological Perspective’, Poetics Today, 11.4: 843–71, https://doi.org/10.2307/1773080
- Margolin, Uri. 1990b. ‘The What, the When, and the How of Being a Character in Literary Narrative’, Style, 24.3: 453–68
- Margolin, Uri. 1995. ‘Characters in Literary Narrative: Representation and Signification’, Semiotica 106, 3.4: 373–92
- Margolin, Uri. 2000. ‘The Constitution of Story Worlds: Fictional and/or Otherwise’, Semiotica 131, 3.4: 327–57
- Margolin, Uri. 2006. ‘Point of View, Perspective, Focalization’ (unpublished conference lecture Point of View, Perspective, Focalization, Hamburg)
- Marks, Laura. 2002. Touch: Sensuous Theory and Multisensory Media (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press)
- Marschall Susanne, and Norbert Grob (eds). 2000. Ladies, Vamps, Companions Schauspielerinnen im Kino; drittes Symposium (1999) (St. Augustin: Gardez)
- Martin, Adrian. 2016. ‘Landscapes of the Mind: The Cinema of Roman Polanski’, ACMI, 5 November, https://www.acmi.net.au/stories-and-ideas/landscapes-mind-cinema-roman-polanski
- Martin, Wallace. 1986. The Composition of Character (Ithaca/London: Cornell University Press)
- Martínez, Matías, and Michael Scheffel. 1999. Einführung in die Erzähltheorie (Munich: Beck)
- Maslej, Marta, Joshua A. Quinlan, and Raymond A. Mar. 2020. ‘Aesthetic Responses to the Characters, Plots, Worlds, and Style of Stories’, in The Oxford Handbook of Empirical Aesthetics, ed. by Marcos Nadal and Oshin Vartanian (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 721–48, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198824350.013.34
- Maslow, Abraham H. 1970. Motivation and Personality, 2nd edn (Munich: Harper & Row)
- Massumi, Brian. 1995. ‘The Autonomy of Affect’, Cultural Critique, 31: 83–109, https://doi.org/10.2307/1354446
- Matravers, Derek, and Amy Coplan. 2011. ‘Film, Literature and Non-Cognitive Affect’, in New Takes in Film-Philosophy, ed. by Havi Carel and Greg Tuck (London: Palgrave Macmillan), pp. 117–34, https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230294851_8
- Maurer, Marcus, and Carsten Reinemann. 2006. Medieninhalte: Eine Einführung (Wiesbaden: Springer)
- Mayne, Judith. 1993. Cinema and Spectatorship (London/New York: Routledge)
- McCrae, Robert, Gaines, James, and Marie Wellington. 2012. ‘The Five-Factor Model in Fact and Fiction’, in Handbook of Psychology V: Personality and Social Psychology, ed. by Howard Tennen, Jerry Suls, and Irving Weiner (Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.), pp. 65–91, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118133880.hop205004
- McCrae, Robert. 2002. ‘Cross-Cultural Research on the Five-Factor Model of Personality’, Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 4.4, https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/orpc/vol4/iss4/1
- McKee, Robert. 1997. Story: Style, Structure, Substance, and the Principles of Screenwriting (New York: HarperCollins)
- McNeill, Daniel. 1998. The Face: A Natural History (Boston: Little, Brown and Company)
- Mees, Ulrich. 1991. Die Struktur der Emotionen (Göttingen: Hogrefe)
- Metzinger, Thomas. 1999. Subjekt und Selbstmodell, 2nd edn (Paderborn: Mentis)
- Metzinger, Thomas. 2003. Being No One: The Self-Model Theory of Subjectivity (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press)
- Meyer, Richard M. 1912. ‘Lebenswahrheit dichterischer Gestalten’, in Aufsätze literarhistorischen und biographischen Inhalts (Berlin: O. Koobs), pp. 108–48
- Meyrowitz, Joshua. 1986. ‘Television and Interpersonal Behavior: Codes of Perception and Response’, in Inter/Media: Interpersonal Communication in a Media World, ed. by Gary Gumpert and Robert Cathcart, 3rd edn (New York: Oxford University Press), pp. 253–72
- Meyrowitz, Joshua. 2008. ‘From Distant Heroes to Intimate Friends: Media and the Metamorphosis of Affection for Public Figures’, Heroes in a Global World, ed. by Susan Drucker and Gary Gumpert (New York: Hampton Press), pp. 99–128
- Meyrowitz, Joshua. 2009. ‘Medium Theory: An Alternative to the Dominant Paradigm of Media Effects’, in The SAGE Handbook of Media Processes and Effects, ed. by Robin L. Nabi and Mary Beth Oliver (Los Angeles: SAGE), pp. 517–30
- Michaels, Lloyd. 1998. The Phantom of the Cinema: Character in Modern Film (New York: Suny Press)
- Mikos, Lothar. 1998. ‘Helden, Versager und andere Typen: Strukturfunktionale Film- und Fernsehanalyse, Teil 7.’, medien praktisch, 4: 48–54
- Mikos, Lothar. 2003. Film- und Fernsehanalyse (Constance: UTB)
- Mikunda, Christian. 1986. Kino spüren: Strategien der emotionalen Filmgestaltung (Munich: Filmland Presse)
- Miller, Toby, and Robert Stam (eds). 1999. The Blackwell Companion to Film Theory (Malden/Oxford: Blackwell)
- Min, Tong-Keun. 2001. ‘Study on the Hierarchy of Values’, https://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Valu/ValuMin.htm
- Mittell, Jason. 2015. ‘Characters’, in Complex TV: The Poetics of Contemporary Television Storytelling (New York: New York University Press), pp. 118–63
- Moors, Agnes. 1989. ‘Theories of Emotion Causation: A Review’, Cognition and Emotion 23.4: 625–62, https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930802645739
- Morace, Robert A. 2000. ‘The Life and Times of Death and the Maiden’, Texas Studies in Literature and Language, 42.2, 135–53
- Moretti, Franco. 2011. ‘Network Theory, Plot Analysis’, Literary Lab Pamphlets Standford University, 1 May, https://litlab.stanford.edu/LiteraryLabPamphlet2.pdf
- Mosbach, Doris. 1999. Bildermenschen - Menschenbilder: Exotische Menschen als Zeichen in der neueren deutschen Printwerbung (Berlin: Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag)
- Moss-Wellington, Wyatt. 2019. Narrative Humanism: Kindness and Complexity in Fiction and Film (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press)
- Mukii, Ng’endo. 2018. ‘Yellow Fever’, Ng’endo Mukii, https://www.ngendo.com/yellow-fever
- Mulvey, Laura. 1989. ‘Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema’, in Visual and Other Pleasures: Language, Discourse, Society, ed. by Laura Mulvey (London: Palgrave Macmillan), pp. 14–28
- Munday, Rod. 2020. ‘The Shining: An Afterlife in Memes’, Senses of Cinema, 95, https://www.sensesofcinema.com/2020/the-shining-at-40/the-shining-an-afterlife-in-memes
- Münsterberg, Hugo. 1916. The Photoplay: A Study (New York: D. Appleton)
- Musil, Robert. 1978. Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften II (Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt)
- Nabi, Robin L., and Melanie C. Green. 2015. ‘The Role of a Narrative’s Emotional Flow in Promoting Persuasive Outcomes’, Media Psychology, 18.2: 137–62, https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2014.912585
- Nagel, Thomas. 1974. ‘What Is It like to Be a Bat?’, The Philosophical Review, 83.4: 435–50, https://doi.org/10.2307/2183914
- Nagel, Thomas. 1991. Die Grenzen der Objektivität: Philosophische Vorlesungen (Stuttgart: Reclam)
- Naremore, James. 1988. Acting in the Cinema (Berkeley/Los Angeles/London: University of California Press)
- Neill, Alex. 1996. ‘Empathy and (Film) Fiction’, in Post-Theory, ed. by David Bordwell and Noël Carroll (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press), pp. 175–94
- Newen, Albert, Leon De Bruin, and Shaun Gallagher (eds.). 2018. The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition (Oxford: Oxford University Press), https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198735410.001.0001
- Newen, Albert. 2015. ‘Understanding Others: The Person Model Theory’, in Open MIND: 26 (T), ed. by Thomas K. Metzinger and Jennifer M. Windt (Frankfurt a.M.: MIND Group), pp. 1–28
- Newman, Michael Z. 2006. ‘Characterization as Social Cognition in Welcome to the Dollhouse’, Film Studies, 8: 53–67, https://doi.org/10.7227/FS.8.7
- Newman, Michael Z. 2007. ‘Characterization in American Independent Cinema’, Zigzigger, 5 August, https://zigzigger.blogspot.com/2007/05/characterization-in-american.html
- Nida-Rümelin, Julian. 1991. Philosophie der Gegenwart in Einzeldarstellungen: Von Adorno bis Wright (Stuttgart: Alfred Kröner)
- Nielsen, Jakob I. 2002. ‘On Visual Design and Staging in Casablanca’, P.O.V., 14 https://web.archive.org/web/20051003212204/http://imv.au.dk/publikationer/pov/Issue_14/section_1/artc10A.html
- Nieragden, Göran. 1995. Figurendarstellung im Roman: Eine narratologische Systematik am Beispiel von David Lodges Changing Places und Ian McEwans The Child in Time (Trier: Wissenschaftlicher Verlag)
- Nitsche, Michael. 2000. ‘Wert- und Rollensysteme im TV Movie’, in ‘TV-Movies Made in Germany’: Struktur, Gesellschaftsbild, Kinder- und Jugendschutz, Teil 1: Historische, inhaltsanalytische und theoretische Studien, ed. by Hans J. Wulff (Kiel: Medienanstalt Hamburg), pp. 71–116
- Nünning, Ansgar (ed.). 1998. Metzler Lexikon Literatur- und Kulturtheorie (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler)
- Nünning, Ansgar (ed.). 2004. ‘Literaturtheorien des Realismus’, in Metzler Lexikon Literatur- und Kulturtheorie (Stuttgart/Weimar: J.B. Metzler), pp. 451–53
- Nünning, Ansgar, and Vera Nünning (eds). 2002. Erzähltheorie transgenerisch, intermedial, interdisziplinär (Trier: VWT)
- O’Falt, Chris. 2016. ‘Moonlight Glow: Creating the Bold Color and Contrast of Barry Jenkins’ Emotional Landscape’, IndieWire, 26 October, https://www.indiewire.com/awards/industry/moonlight-cinematography-color-barry-jenkins-james-laxton-alex-bickel-1201740402
- Oatley, Keith. 1994. ‘A Taxonomy of the Emotions of Literary Response and a Theory of Identification in Fictional Narrative’, Poetics, 23.1: 53–74, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-422X(94)P4296-S
- Oehler-Klein, Sigrid. 1990. Die Schädellehre Franz Joseph Galls in Literatur und Kritik des 19. Jahrhunderts: Zur Rezeptionsgeschichte einer medizinisch-biologisch begründeten Theorie der Physiognomik und Psychologie (Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer)
- Oevermann, Ulrich. 2002. ‘Klinische Soziologie auf der Basis der Methodologie der objektiven Hermeneutik: Manifest der objektiv hermeneutischen Sozialforschung’, ihsk.de, https://www.ihsk.de/publikationen/Ulrich_Oevermann-Manifest_der_objektiv_hermeneutischen_Sozialforschung.pdf
- Ogden, Charles Kay, and Ivor Armstrong Richards. 1923. The Meaning of Meaning: A Study of the Influence of Language upon Thought and of the Science of Symbolism (London: Kegan Paul, Trench & Trubner)
- Ohler, Peter, and Gerhild Nieding. 2002. ‘Kognitive Filmpsychologie zwischen 1990 und 2000’, in Noch einmal mit Gefühl: Zu Figur und Emotion im Spielfilm, ed. by Jan Sellmer and Hans Jürgen Wulff (Marburg: Schüren), pp. 9–40
- Ohler, Peter. 1994. Kognitive Filmpsychologie: Verarbeitung und mentale Repräsentation narrativer Filme (Münster: MAkS Publikationen)
- Otto, Jürgen H., Harald A. Euler, and Heinz Mandl (eds). 2000. Emotionspsychologie: Ein Handbuch (Weinheim: Beltz)
- Paetzold, Heinz. 1989. ‘Der Mensch’, in Philosophie: Ein Grundkurs, ed. by Ekkehard Martens and Herbert Schnädelbach (Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt), pp. 440–79
- Pagel, Gerda. 1989. Lacan zur Einführung (Hamburg: Junius)
- Palmer, Alan. 2004. Fictional Minds (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press)
- Palmer, Alan. 2010. Social Minds in the Novel (Columbus: Ohio State University Press)
- Pandit, Lalita. 2007. ‘Von der Verzweiflung zum Staunen: Szenen der Transzendenz im indischen Kino’, in Audiovisuelle Emotionen: Emotionsdarstellung und Emotionsvermittlung durch audiovisuelle Medienangebote, ed. by Anne Bartsch, Jens Eder, and Kathrin Fahlenbrach (Cologne: Herbert von Halem), pp. 382–401
- Panofsky, Erwin. 1972. Studies in Iconology: Humanistic Themes in the Art of the Renaissance (New York: Harper & Row)
- Patterson, Miles L. 1999. ‘Nonverbal Communication’, in The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, ed. by Antony R. Manstead and Miles Hewstone, 2nd edn (Oxford/Malden: Blackwell), pp. 407–10
- Paul, Jean. 1974. Vorschule der Ästhetik: Kleine Nachschule zur ästhetischen Vorschule, ed. by Norbert Miller (Munich: Carl Hanser)
- Pavel, Thomas G. 1986. Fictional Worlds (Cambridge: Harvard University Press)
- Peirce, Charles Sanders. 1993. Phänomen und Logik der Zeichen, ed. by Helmut Pape, 2nd edn (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp)
- Pelowski, Matthew, et al. 2017. ‘Move Me, Astonish Me… Delight My Eyes and Brain: The Vienna Integrated Model of Top-down and Bottom-up Processes in Art Perception (VIMAP) and Corresponding Affective, Evaluative, and Neurophysiological Correlates’, Physics of Life Reviews, 21: 80–125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plrev.2017.02.003
- Persona Studies. https://ojs.deakin.edu.au/index.php/ps
- Persson, Per. 2003. Understanding Cinema: A Psychological Theory of Moving Imagery (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Pfister, Manfred. 1988. Das Drama: Theorie und Analyse (Munich: Fink)
- Phelan, James. 1989. Reading People, Reading Plots: Character, Progression, and the Interpretation of Narrative (Chicago: University Press)
- Phelan, James. 2005. Living to Tell about It: A Rhetoric and Ethics of Character Narration (Ithaca: Cornell University Press)
- Phillips, Melanie Anne, and Chris Huntley. 1999. ‘Dramatica Pro 4.0: Electronic “Theory Book” of the Computer Program’. [Later book publication as: Phillips, Melanie Anne, and Chris Huntley. 2004. Dramatica: A New Theory of Story (Screenplay Systems Incorporated)]
- Phillips, Patrick. 2000. Understanding Film Texts: Meaning and Experience (London: British Film Institute)
- Pitt, Jordan. 2021. ‘American Masculinity After World War II’, The National WW II Museum New Orleans, 23 July, https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/american-masculinity-after-world-war-ii
- Pizzello, Stephen. 1995. ‘Death and the Maiden: Trial by Candlelight’, American Cinematographer, 76: 56–70
- Plantinga, Carl R. 1995. ‘Movie Pleasures and the Spectator’s Experience: Toward a Cognitive Approach’, Film and Philosophy, 2: 3–19, https://doi.org/10.5840/filmphil199521
- Plantinga, Carl R. 1999. ‘The Scene of Empathy and the Human Face on Film’, in Passionate Views: Film, Cognition, and Emotion, ed. by Carl R. Plantinga and Greg M. Smith (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), pp. 239–55
- Plantinga, Carl R. 2002. ‘Cognitive Film Theory: An Insider’s Appraisal’, Cinémas, 12.2: 15–37, https://doi.org/10.7202/024878ar
- Plantinga, Carl R. 2007. ‘Synästhetische Effekte: Szenarios von Schuld und Scham in Hitchcocks Filmen’, in Audiovisuelle Emotionen: Emotionsdarstellung und Emotionsvermittlung durch audiovisuelle Medienangebote, ed. by Anne Bartsch, Jens Eder, and Kathrin Fahlenbrach (Cologne: Herbert von Halem), pp. 350–61
- Plantinga, Carl R. 2009. Moving Viewers: American Film and the Spectator’s Experience (Berkeley: University of California Press)
- Plantinga, Carl R. 2018a. Screen Stories: Emotion and the Ethics of Engagement (New York: Oxford University Press), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190867133.001.0001
- Plantinga, Carl R. 2018b. ‘Characterization and Character Engagement in the Documentary Film’, in Cognitive Theory and Documentary Film, ed. by Catalin Brylla and Mette Kramer (Cham: Springer International Publishing), pp. 115–34, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90332-3_7
- Plantinga, Carl R. (ed.). 2023. Screen Stories and Moral Understanding: Interdisciplinary Perspectives (Oxford: Oxford University Press), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197665664.001.0001
- Plantinga, Carl R., and Greg M. Smith (eds). 1999. Passionate Views: Film, Cognition, and Emotion (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press)
- Platz-Waury, Elke. 1997. ‘Figur’, in Reallexikon der deutschen Literaturwissenschaft, ed. by Klaus Weimar and Harald Fricke, 3 vols (Berlin/New York: De Gruyter), pp. 587–89
- Platz-Waury, Elke. 1997a. ‘Figurenkonstellation’, in Reallexikon der deutschen Literaturwissenschaft, ed. by Klaus Weimar and Harald Fricke, 3 vols (Berlin/New York: De Gruyter), pp. 591–93
- Plessner, Helmuth. 1982. ‘Der Mensch als Lebewesen’, in Mit anderen Augen Aspekte einer philosophischen Anthropologie, ed. by Helmuth Plessner (Stuttgart: Reclam), pp. 9–62
- Poetics Today. 1986. 7.2, Special Issue on ‘Character’, January, https://journals.scholarsportal.info/browse/03335372/v07i0002
- Polheim, Karl-Konrad. 1997. Die dramatische Konfiguration (Paderborn: Schöningh)
- Pollard-Gott, Lucy. 1993. ‘Attribution Theory and the Novel’, Poetics, 21.6: 499–524
- Polletta, Francesca. 2015. ‘Characters in Political Storytelling’, Storytelling, Self, Society, 11.1: 34–55, https://doi.org/10.13110/storselfsoci.11.1.0034
- Pollmann, Arnd. 2005. Integrität: Aufnahme einer sozialphilosophischen Personalie (Bielefeld: Transcript)
- Polster, Anne-Kristin. 2024. Beziehungen zu Medienfiguren: Jugendmedienschutzrechtliche Implikationen (Baden-Baden: Nomos)
- Pontuso, James F. (ed.). 2005. Political Philosophy Comes to Rick’s: Casablanca and American Civic Culture (Lanham: Lexington Books)
- Popper, Karl Raimund. 1972. Objective Knowledge: An Evolutionary Approach (Oxford: Clarendon Press)
- Prokop, Dieter. 1979. Faszination und Langeweile: Die populären Medien (Stuttgart: Enke)
- Propagandakrieg in “Rick’s Café”. 2012. Der Spiegel, 29 August, https://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/70-jahre-casablanca-propagandafilm-mit-bogart-und-bergman-fotostrecke-107549.html
- Propp, Vladimir Jakovlevic. 1968. Morphology of the Folktale, 2nd edn (Austin: University of Texas Press)
- Proudfoot, Diane. 1992. ‘Fictional Entities’, in A Companion to Aesthetics, ed. by David Edward Cooper (Oxford: Blackwell), pp. 152–55
- Quante, Michael. 2002. Personales Leben und menschlicher Tod: Personale Identität als Prinzip der biomedizinischen Ethik (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp)
- Rao, K. Ramakrishna, and Paranjpe, Anand C. 2016. ‘Cognition, Emotion, and Volition’, in Psychology in the Indian Tradition (New Delhi: Springer), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2440-2_6
- Rasmussen, Randy Loren. 1998. Children of the Night: The Six Archetypal Characters of Classic Horror Films (Jefferson/London: McFarland)
- Ready, Jonathan L. 2023. Immersion, Identification, and the Iliad (Oxford: Oxford University Press), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192870971.001.0001
- Reckwitz, Erhard. 1998. ‘Realismus Effekt’, in Metzler Lexikon Literatur- und Kulturtheorie, ed. by Ansgar Nünning (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler), pp. 453–54
- Reddy, Vanita. 2021. ‘Beauty, Colorism, and Anti-Colorism in Transnational India’, in The Routledge Companion to Beauty Politics, ed. by Maxine Leeds Craig (London: Routledge), pp. 94–102, https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429283734-12
- Reicher, Maria E. 1998. Zur Metaphysik der Kunst: Eine logisch-ontologische Untersuchung des Werkbegriffs (Graz: DBV-Verlag)
- Reinerth, Maike, and Anna-Sophie Philippi. 2021. ‘#AnimationMatters’, animationstudies 2.0, 11 October, https://blog.animationstudies.org/?p=4162
- Reinerth, Maike. 2022. Erinnerung und Imagination im Spielfilm (Berlin: Kadmos)
- Reis, Harry T. 1999. ‘Attraction and Relationships’, in The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, ed. by Anthony R. Manstead and Miles Hewstone, 2nd edn (Oxford/Malden: Blackwell), pp. 381–82
- Remond, Sean, and Su Holmes (eds). 2007. Stardom and Celebrity: A Reader (Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications)
- Rheuban, Joyce (ed.). 1991. The Marriage of Maria Braun (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press)
- Ribke, Nahuel. 2023. ‘Documentary Filmmakers as Characters. Corporeal Presence, Performance and Seriality’, Projections, 17.3: 64–82, https://doi.org/10.3167/proj.2023.170304
- Rickheit, Gert, and Hans Strohner. 1991. Grundlagen der kognitiven Sprachverarbeitung: Modelle, Methoden, Ergebnisse (Tübingen/Basle: Francke)
- Riehl, Claudia. 1998. ‘Schema und Schematheorie’, in Metzler Lexikon Literatur- und Kulturtheorie, ed. by Ansgar Nünning (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler), pp. 478–79
- Riis, Johannes. 2002. ‘Bogey’s Imaginative Contribution’, P.O.V., 14 https://pov.imv.au.dk/Issue_14/section_1/artc14A.html
- Riis, Johannes. 2008. ‘Acting’, in The Routledge Companion to Philosophy and Film, ed. by Paisley Livingston and Carl Plantinga (Londong: Routledge), pp. 3–11
- Riis, Johannes, and Aaron Taylor (eds). 2019. Screening Characters: Theories of Character in Film, Television, and Interactive Media (London: Routledge), https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429422508
- Rimmon-Kenan, Shlomith. 1995. ‘What Is Theme and How Do We Get at It?’, in Thematics: New Approaches, ed. by Claude Bremond, Joshua Landy, and Thomas Pavel, 6th edn (Albany: Suny Press), pp. 9–19
- Rimmon-Kenan, Shlomith. 1996. Narrative Fiction: Contemporary Poetics (London: Routledge)
- Ritter, Joachim, Karlfried Gründer, and Gottfried Gabriel (eds). 1998. Historisches Wörterbuch der Philosophie, 12 vols (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft), X
- Robertson, Patrick. 2001. Film Facts (New York: Billboard Books)
- Robinson, Jenefer. 2007. ‘Expression and Expressiveness in Art’, Postgraduate Journal of Aesthetics, 4.2: 19–41, https://philpapers.org/rec/ROBEAE-7/
- Ronen, Ruth. 1994. Possible Worlds in Literary Theory (Cambridge/New York/Melbourne: Cambridge University Press)
- Roselt, Jens. 2002. ‘Körperlichkeit’, in Metzler Lexikon Medientheorie: Medienwissenschaft, ed. by Helmut Schanze (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler), pp. 166–67
- Rosemann, Bernhard, and Michael Kerres. 1986. Interpersonales Wahrnehmen und Verstehen (Bern: Huber)
- Rosenberg, B. G., and Jonas Langer. 1965. ‘A Study of Postural-Gestural Communication’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2.4: 593–97.
- Rost, Andreas, and Mike Sandbothe (eds). 1998. Die Filmgespenster der Postmoderne (Frankfurt a.M.: Verlag der Autoren)
- Rother, Rainer (ed.). 1997. Sachlexikon Film (Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt)
- Rulewicz, Wanda. 2001. ‘A Grammar of Narrativity: Algirdas Julien Greimas’, https://web.archive.org/web/20091119090353/http://www2.arts.gla.ac.uk/SESLL/STELLA/COMET/glasgrev/issue3/rudz.htm
- Rusch, Gebhard. 1998a. ‘Kognition’, in Metzler Lexikon Literatur- und Kulturtheorie, ed. by Ansgar Nünning (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler), p. 265
- Rusch, Gebhard. 1998b. ‘Voraussetzungssystem’, in Metzler Lexikon Literatur- und Kulturtheorie, ed. by Ansgar Nünning (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler), p. 555
- Ryan, Marie-Laure. 1991. Possible Worlds, Artificial Intelligence, and Narrative Theory (Bloomington/Indianapolis: Indiana University Press)
- Ryan, Marie-Laure. 1998. ‘Review of Heterocosmica: Fiction and Possible Worlds’, Style, 32.3: 518–24
- Ryan, Marie-Laure. 2001. Narrative as Virtual Reality: Immersion and Interactivity in Literature and Electronic Media (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press)
- Ryan, Marie-Laure. 2005. ‘Media and Narrative’, in Routledge Encyclopedia of Narrative Theory, ed. by David Herman, Manfred Jahn, and Marie-Laure Ryan (London: Routledge), pp. 288–92
- Ryan, Marie-Laure. 2007. ‘Toward a Definition of Narrative’, in The Cambridge Companion to Narrative, ed. by David Herman (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 22–35
- Ryssel, Dirk, and Hans J. Wulff. 2000. ‘Affektsteuerung durch Figuren’, in TV-Movies ‘Made in Germany’: Struktur, Gesellschaftsbild und Kinder-, Jugendschutz; Teil 1, ed. by Hans J. Wulff (Kiel: Unabhängige Landesanstalt für das Rundfunkwesen), pp. 236–56
- Sachse, Rainer. 1993. ‘Empathie’, Handwörterbuch der Angewandten Psychologie, ed. by Angela Schorr (Bonn: Deutscher Psychologen Verlag), pp. 170–73
- Sachs-Hombach, Klaus. 2003. Das Bild als kommunikatives Medium: Elemente einer allgemeinen Bildwissenschaft (Cologne: Halem)
- Salesses, Matthew. 2021. Craft in the Real World. Rethinking Fiction Writing and Workshopping (New York: Catapult)
- Sander, David, and Klaus R. Scherer (eds). 2014. Oxford Companion to Emotion and the Affective Sciences (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
- Sanders, Meghan S. 2010. ‘Making a Good (Bad) Impression Examining the Cognitive Processes of Disposition Theory to Form a Synthesized Model of Media Character Impression Formation’, Communication Theory, 20: 147–68, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2010.01358.x
- Sasse, Martina Angela. 1997. Eliciting and Describing Users’ Models of Computer Systems (unpublished dissertation, University of Birmingham), https://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/eprint/7356/
- Schaafsma, Sara, et al. 2015. ‘Deconstructing and Reconstructing Theory of Mind’, Trends in Cognitive Sciences 19.2: 65–72, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2014.11.007
- Schanze, Helmut (ed.). 2002. Metzler Lexikon Medientheorie – Medienwissenschaft (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler)
- Schatz, Thomas. 1981. Hollywood Genres: Formulas Filmmaking and the Studio System (New York: Random House)
- Scherer, Klaus R. 1994. ‘Plato’s Legacy: Relationships between Cognition, Emotion and Motivation’, Geneva Studies in Emotion and Communication, 9.1: 1–7, https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:102030
- Schiappa, Edward. 2008. Beyond Representational Correctness: Rethinking Criticism of Popular Media (New York: State University of New York Press)
- Schiavio, Andrea, and Dylan van der Schyff. 2018. ‘4E Music Pedagogy and the Principles of Self-Organization’, Behavioral Sciences, 8.8: 72, https://doi.org/10.3390/bs8080072
- Schick, Thomas. 2017. Filmstil, Differenzqualitäten, Emotionen: Zur affektiven Wirkung von Autorenfilmen am Beispiel der Berliner Schule (Wiesbaden: Springer)
- Schiller, Friedrich. 1960. ‘Über Egmont’, in Sämtliche Werke, 5 vols (Munich: Carl Hanser), V, 932–42
- Schlobin, Roger C. 2003. ‘Character, the Fantastic, and the Failure of Contemporary Literary Theory’, Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts, 13.3 (51): 258–70
- Schmidt, Gunnar. 2003. Das Gesicht: Eine Mediengeschichte (Munich: Fink)
- Schmitt, Christina, Sarah Greifenstein, and Hermann Kappelhoff. 2014. ‘Expressive Movement and Metaphoric Meaning Making in Audio-Visual Media’, in Body, Language, Communication: An International Handbook on Multimodality in Human Interaction, ed. by Cornelia Müller et al., 2nd edn (Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter Mouton), pp. 2092–112.
- Schneider, Ralf. 2000. Grundriß zur kognitiven Theorie der Figurenrezeption am Beispiel des viktorianischen Romans (Tübingen: Stauffenburg-Verlag)
- Scholz, Oliver. 2004. ‘Was es heißt, ein Bild zu verstehen?’, in Bild—Bildwahrnehmung—Bildverarbeitung, ed. by Klaus Sachs-Hombach and Klaus Rehkämper (Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitätsverlag), pp. 105–18
- Schönpflug, Ute. 1998. ‘Stereotyp’, Historisches Wörterbuch der Philosophie, ed. by Joachim Ritter, Karlfried Gründer, and Gottfried Gabriel (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft), pp. 136–39
- Schönpflug, Wolfgang. 2000. ‘Geschichte der Emotionskonzepte’, in Emotionspsychologie: Ein Handbuch, ed. by Jürgen H. Otto, Harald A. Euler, and Heinz Mandl (Weinheim: Beltz), pp. 19–29
- Schöps, Doris. 2016. Körperhaltungen und Rollenstereotype im DEFA-Film: Eine korpusanalytische Untersuchung (Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann)
- Schramm, Holger, and Tilo Hartmann. 2010. ‘Identität durch Mediennutzung? Die Rolle von parasozialen Interaktionen und Beziehungen mit Medienfiguren’, in Mediensozialisationstheorien: Modelle und Ansätze in der Diskussion, ed. by Dagmar Hoffmann and Lothar Mikos, 2nd rev. edn (Wiesbaden: Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften), pp. 201–19.
- Schröter, Felix, and Jan-Noël Thon. 2014. ‘Video Game Characters: Theory and Analysis’, DIEGESIS, 3.1: 40–77, https://www.diegesis.uni-wuppertal.de/index.php/diegesis/article/view/151
- Schröter, Felix. 2021. Spiel, Figur: Theorie und Ästhetik der Computerspielfigur (Marburg: Schüren Verlag)
- Schulze, Gerhard. 1997. Die Erlebnisgesellschaft: Kultursoziologie der Gegenwart (Frankfurt a.M./New York: Campus)
- Schürmeier, Heide. 1996. ‘Rollenidentifikation: Stellungnahme zu dem Beitrag von Lothar Mikos’, in Fernsehen als ‘Beziehungskiste’: Parasoziale Beziehungen und Interaktionen mit TV-Personen, ed. by Peter Vorderer (Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag), pp. 97–106
- Schütte, Oliver. 1999. Die Kunst des Drehbuchlesens (Bergisch Gladbach: Bastei-Verlag Lübbe)
- Schützeichel, Rainer. 2004. Soziologische Kommunikationstheorien (Constance: UVK)
- Schwab, Frank, and Clemens Schwender. 2007. ‘Evolutionäre Grundlagen emotionaler und ästhetischer Medienrezeption’, in Audiovisuelle Emotionen: Emotionsdarstellung und Emotionsvermittlung durch audiovisuelle Medienangebote, ed. by Anne Bartsch, Jens Eder and Kathrin Fahlenbrach (Cologne: Herbert von Halem), pp. 60–84
- Schwartz, Shalom H. 1999. ‘Values’, in The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, ed. by Anthony R. Manstead and Miles Hewstone, 2nd edn (Oxford/Malden: Blackwell), pp. 665–67
- Schwartz, Shalom H. 2012. ‘An Overview of the Schwartz Theory of Basic Values’, Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2.1, http://dx.doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1116
- Schweinitz, Jörg. 2000. ‘Wenn hinter das Klischee persönliche Energien fahren…’, in Ladies, Vamps, Companions Schauspielerinnen im Kino; drittes Symposium (1999), ed. by Susanne Marschall and Norbert Grob (St. Augustin: Gardez), pp. 203–20
- Schweinitz, Jörg. 2010. ‘Stereotypes and the Narratological Analysis of Film Characters’, in Characters in Fictional Worlds: Understanding Imaginary Beings in Literature, Film, and Other Media, ed. by Jens Eder, Fotis Jannidis, and Ralf Schneider (Berlin: De Gruyter), pp. 276–89
- Schweinitz, Jörg. 2011. Film and Stereotype: A Challenge for Cinema and Theory, trans. by Laura Schleussner (New York/Chichester: Columbia University Press)
- Schweinitz, Jörg, and Margrit Tröhler (eds). 2006. ‘Figur und Perspektive (1)’, Montage AV, 15.1, https://mediarep.org/handle/doc/267
- Schweinitz, Jörg, and Margrit Tröhler (eds). 2007. ‘Figur und Perspektive (2)’, Montage AV, 16.1, https://mediarep.org/handle/doc/268
- Schwender, Clemens. 2001. Medien und Emotionen: Evolutionspsychologische Bausteine einer Medientheorie (Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitätsverlag)
- Searle, John Rogers. 1979. Expression and Meaning: Studies in the Theory of Speech Acts (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Searle, John Rogers. 1983. Intentionality (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Searle, John Rogers. 1994. The Rediscovery of the Mind, 2nd edn (Cambridge/London: MIT Press)
- Searle, John Rogers. 1995. The Construction of Social Reality (London: Penguin)
- Searle, John Rogers. 1998. Mind, Language and Society. Philosophy in the Real World (New York: Basic Books)
- Searle, John Rogers. 2004. Mind: A Brief Introduction (Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press)
- Seger, Linda. 1990. Creating Unforgettable Characters (New York: Henry Holt)
- Seidel, Jürgen. 1985. Figur und Kontext: Strukturtypen des “Helden” im deutschen Roman seit 1900 (Cologne/Vienna: Universität Düsseldorf)
- Seils, Martin. 1998. ‘Symbol’, Historisches Wörterbuch der Philosophie, ed. by Joachim Ritter, Karlfried Gründer and Gottfried Gabriel (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft), pp. 710–39
- Sellmer, Jan, and Hans Jürgen Wulff (eds). 2002. Film und Psychologie: Nach der kognitiven Phase? (Marburg: Schüren)
- Semin, Gün R. 1999. ‘Social Representations’, in The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, ed. by Anthony R. Manstead and Miles Hewstone, 2nd edn (Oxford/Malden: Blackwell), pp. 601–05
- Sena Moore, Kimberly. 2017. ‘Understanding the Influence of Music on Emotions: A Historical Review’, Music Therapy Perspectives, 35.2: 131–43, https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miw026
- Shaheen, Jack G. 2001. Reel Bad Arabs: How Hollywood Vilifies a People (New York/Northhampton: Olive Branch Press)
- Shakespeare, William. 1949. ‘Julius Caesar (Act 1,2)’, in The Works of William Shakespeare XXIII, ed. by John D. Wilson (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Shanahan, Elizabeth A., Ann Marie Reinhold, et al. 2019. ‘Characters Matter: How Narratives Shape Affective Responses to Risk Communication‘, PLoS ONE, 14.12: e0225968, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225968
- Shklovsky, Victor. 1965. ‘Art as Technique’, in Russian Formalist Criticism: Four Essays, ed. by Lee T. Lemon and Marion J. Reis (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press)
- Short, Don. 1943. ‘Casablanca Proves Timely at Spreckels’, The San Diego Union-Tribune, 4 February, https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/local-history/story/2022-11-25/from-the-archives-casablanca-premiered-80-years-ago
- Siegel, Jeff. 1992. The Casablanca Companion: The Movie and More (Dallas: Taylor Publishing Company)
- Silbermann, Alphons, Michael Schaaf, and Gerhard Adam. 1980. Filmanalyse: Grundlagen, Methoden, Didaktik (Munich: Oldenbourg)
- Simons, Daniel J., and Christopher F. Chabris. 1999. ‘Gorillas in Our Midst: Sustained Inattentional Blindness for Dynamic Events’, Perception, 28.9: 1059–74, https://doi.org/10.1068/p281059
- Singhal, Arvind, Everett M. Rogers, and William J. Brown. 1993. ‘Harnessing the Potential of Entertainment-Education Telenovelas’, Gazette, 51: 1–18, https://doi.org/10.1177/00165492930510
- Sinnerbrink, Robert. 2012. ‘Stimmung: Exploring the Aesthetics of Mood’, Screen, 53.2: 148–63, https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/hjs007
- Six, Bernd. 2002. ‘Beziehungen, soziale’, Wörterbuch der Soziologie, ed. by Günter Endruweit and Gisela Trommsdorf, 2nd edn (Stuttgart: UVK/Lucius), pp. 211–13
- Slater, Michael D., and Donna Rouner. 2002. ‘Entertainment-Education and Elaboration Likelihood: Understanding the Processing of Narrative Persuasion’, Communication Theory, 12.2: 173–91, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2002.tb00265.x
- Smaill, Belinda. 2010. The Documentary: Politics, Emotion, Culture (London: Springer), https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230251113
- Smeed, John W. 1985. The Theophrastan ‘Character’: The History of a Literary Genre (Oxford/New York: Clarendon Press)
- Smelik, Anneke M. 2007. ‘Feminist Film Theory’, in The Cinema Book, ed. by Pam Cook (London: British Film Institute), pp. 491–504, http://hdl.handle.net/2066/44160
- Smith, Eliot R., and Diane M. Mackie. 2000. Social Psychology, 2nd edn (Philadelphia: Psychology Press)
- Smith, Greg M. 1999. ‘Local Emotions, Global Moods, and Film Structure’, in Passionate Views: Film, Cognition, and Emotion, ed. by Carl R. Plantinga and Greg M. Smith (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), pp. 103–26
- Smith, Greg M. 2003. Film Structure and the Emotion System (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511497759
- Smith, Murray. 1995. Engaging Characters: Fiction, Emotion, and the Cinema (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
- Smith, Murray. 1997. ‘Imagining from the Inside’, in Film Theory and Philosophy, ed. by Richard Allen and Murray Smith (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 412–30
- Smith, Murray. 1999. ‘Gangsters, Cannibals, Aesthetes, or Apparently Perverse Allegiances’, in Passionate Views: Film, Cognition, and Emotion, ed. by Carl Plantinga and Greg M. Smith (Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press), pp. 217–38
- Smith, Murray. 2011. ‘On the Twofoldness of Character’, New Literary History, 42.2: 277–94, https://doi.org/10.1353/nlh.2011.0022
- Smith, Murray. 2022. Engaging Characters Fiction, Emotion, and the Cinema, 2nd edn (Oxford: Oxford University Press), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198871071.003.0004
- Sobchack, Vivian Carol. 1992. The Address of the Eye: A Phenomenology of Film Experience (Princeton: Princeton University Press)
- Solomon, Robert C. 1993. The Passions: Emotions and the Meaning of Life. (Indianopolis: Hackett Publishing)
- Sontag, Susan. 1966. Against Interpretation and Other Essays (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux)
- Sperber, Dan, and Deirdre Wilson. 1986. Relevance: Communication and Cognition, 2nd edn (Cambridge, MA: Blackwell)
- Spielhagen, Friedrich. 1883. Beiträge zur Theorie und Technik des Romans (Leipzig: Staackmann)
- Stacey, Jackie. 1994. Star Gazing: Hollywood Cinema and Female Spectatorship (London: Routledge)
- Stadler, Jane. 2008. Pulling Focus: Intersubjective Experience, Narrative Film, and Ethics (New York: Continuum)
- Städtler, Thomas. 2003. Lexikon der Psychologie (Stuttgart: Alfred Kröner)
- Staiger, Janet. 1992. Interpreting Films: Studies in the Historical Reception of American Cinema (Princeton: Princeton University Press)
- Staiger, Janet. 2005. Media Reception Studies (New York/London: New York University Press)
- Stalnaker, Robert C. 1976. ‘Possible Worlds’, Nous, 10.1: 65–75, https://doi.org/10.2307/2214477
- Stam, Robert, Robert Burgoyne, and Sandy Flitterman-Lewis (eds). 1992. New Vocabularies in Film Semiotics: Structuralism, Post-Structuralism and Beyond (London/New York: Routledge)
- Stanzel, Franz Karl. 1991. Theorie des Erzählens, 5th edn (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht)
- Stegmüller, Wolfgang. 1975. Hauptströmungen der Gegenwartsphilosophie, 2 vols (Stuttgart: Kröner), II
- Steimatsky, Noa. 2017. The Face on Film (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
- Stern, Lesley, and George Kouvaros (eds). 1999. Falling for You. Essays on Cinema and Performance (Sydney: Power Publications)
- Sternberg, Meir. 1978. Expositional Modes and Temporal Ordering in Fiction (Baltimore/London: Johns Hopkins University Press)
- Strobel, Ricarda, and Werner Faulstich. 1998. Die deutschen Fernsehstars, 4 vols (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht)
- Stroebe, Wolfgang, Miles Hewstone, and Geoffrey M. Stephenson (eds). 1996. Sozialpsychologie: Eine Einführung, trans. by C. Hammer-Hewstone and S. Herbrechter (Berlin/Heidelberg/New York: Springer)
- Stückrath, Jörn. 1987. ‘Entwurf eines Kategoriensystems zur Analyse epischer Figuren und Handlungen – Am Beispiel von Sarah Kirschs Erzählung “Blitz aus heiterem Himmel”’, in Man müsste ein Mann sein…?: Interpretationen und Kontroversen zu Geschlechtertausch-Geschichten in der Frauenliteratur, ed. by Bettina Hurrelmann, Maria Kublitz and Brigitte Röttger (Düsseldorf: Schwann), pp. 83-103.
- Stückrath, Jörn. 1990. ‘Wovon eigentlich handelt die epische und dramatische Literatur? Kritik und Rekonstruktion der Begriffe “Figur” und “Geschehen”’, in Geschichte als Literatur: Formen und Grenzen der Repräsentation von Vergangenheit, ed. by Hartmut Eggert, Ulrich Profitlich and Klaus R. Scherpe (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler), pp. 284–95
- Stückrath, Jörn. 1992. ‘Figur und Handlung’, in Literaturwissenschaftin Grundkurs, ed. by Helmut Brackert and Jörn Stückrath (Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt), pp. 40–54
- Style, 24.3. 1990. Special Issue on Characters
- Suckfüll, Monika. 2013. ‘Emotion Regulation by Switching Between Modes of Reception’, in Psychocinematics: Exploring Cognition at the Movies, ed. by V. Arthur P. Shimamura (Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press), pp. 314–36, https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199862139.003.0016
- Suls, Jerry, and René Martin. 1999. ‘Social Comparison’, in The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, ed. by Antony S. R. Manstead and Miles Hewstone, 2nd edn (Oxford/Malden: Blackwell), pp. 544–45
- Surkamp, Carola. 1998. ‘Perspektive’, in Metzler Lexikon Literatur- und Kulturtheorie, ed. by Ansgar Nünning (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler), pp. 420–21
- Surkamp, Carola. 2002. ‘Narratologie und possible-worlds theory’, in Neue Ansätze in der Erzähltheorie, ed. by Ansgar Nünning and Vera Nünning (Trier: Wissenschaftlicher Verlag), pp. 153–84
- Surkamp, Carola. 2005. ‘Perspective’, in Routledge Encyclopedia of Narrative Theory, ed. by David Herman, Manfred Jahn, and Marie-Laure Ryan (London: Routledge), pp. 423–25
- Swallow, James. 2004. Dark Eye: The Films of David Fincher, 2nd edn (London: Reynolds & Hearn)
- Tal-Or, Nurit, et al. 2021. ‘Does What We Know About Actors’ Real Lives Influence Our Reactions to the Characters They Play?‘, Journal of Media Psychology, 33.4: 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000293
- Tan, Ed S. 1994. ‘Film-Induced Affect as a Witness Emotion’, Poetics, 23.1: 7–32, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-422X(94)00024-Z
- Tan, Ed S. 1996. Emotion and the Structure of Narrative Film: Film as an Emotion Machine (Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum)
- Tan, Ed S. 2005. ‘Gesichtsausdruck und Emotion in Comic und Film’, in Kinogefühle: Emotionalität und Film, ed. by Matthias Brütsch (Marburg: Schüren), pp. 265–89
- Taylor, Aaron (ed.). 2012. Theorizing Screen Acting (London: Routledge), https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203123218
- Taylor, Charles. 2004. Modern Social Imaginaries (Durham: Duke University Press)
- Taylor, Henry M. 2002. Rolle des Lebens: Die Filmbiographie als narratives System (Marburg: Schüren)
- Telotte, J. P. 1995. Replications: A Robotic History of the Science Fiction Film (Carbondale: Illinois University Press)
- Thagard, Paul. 2005. Mind: Introduction to Cognitive Science, 5th edn (Cambridge/London: MIT Press)
- Thiele, Ansgar. 2006. ‘Schuss und Gegenschuss ist Krieg—Teil I: Überlegungen zu metaphorischen Prozessen im Film’, metaphorik.de, 10: 133–60, https://www.metaphorik.de/en/book/export/html/192
- Thompson, John O. 1978. ‘Acting: Screen Acting and the Commutation Test’, Screen, 19.2: 55–69, https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/19.2.55
- Thompson, Kristin. 1995. ‘Neoformalistische Filmanalyse: Ein Ansatz, viele Methoden’, Montage AV, 4.1: 23–62, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/482
- Thompson, Kristin. 1999. Storytelling in the New Hollywood: Understanding Classical Narrative Technique (Cambridge, MA/London: Harvard University Press)
- Thon, Jan-Noël. 2007. ‘Immersion revisited: Varianten von Immersion im Computerspiel des 21. Jahrhunderts’, in Medien—Zeit—Zeichen: Dokumentation des 19. Film- und Fernsehwissenschaftlichen Kolloquiums, ed. by Christian Hißnauer and Andreas Jahn-Sudmann (Marburg: Schüren), pp. 125–32
- Thon, Jan-Noël. 2016. Transmedial Narratology and Contemporary Media Culture, Frontiers of Narrative (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press)
- Thon, Jan-Noël. 2019. ‘Transmedia Characters: Theory and Analysis’, Frontiers of Narrative Studies, 5.2: 176–99, https://doi.org/10.1515/fns-2019-0012
- Thon, Jan-Noël, and Lukas R. A. Wilde. 2019. ‘Introduction: Characters across Media’, Frontiers of Narrative Studies, 5.2: 169–75, https://doi.org/10.1515/fns-2019-0011
- Thon, Jan-Noël, and Roberta Pearson. 2022. ‘Transmedia Characters’, Narrative, 30.2: 139–51, https://doi.org/10.1353/nar.2022.0007
- Tischleder, Babette Bärbel. 2001. Body Trouble: Entkörperlichung, Whiteness und das amerikanische Gegenwartskino (Frankfurt a.M.: Stroemfeld)
- Tobias, Ronald B. 1993. 20 Master Plots (And How to Build Them) (Cincinnati: Writer’s Digest Books)
- Tomasello, Michael. 2002. Die kulturelle Entwicklung des menschlichen Denkens zur Evolution der Kognition (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp) [Engl.: The Cultural Origins of Human Cognition (Cambridge/Mass.: Harvard University Press)]
- Tomasi, Dario. 1988. Il Personaggio: Cinema E Racconto (Torino: Loescher)
- Törrönen, Jukka. 2001. ‘The Concept of Subject Position in Empirical Social Research’, Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 31.3: 313–29, https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00161
- Trabant, Jürgen. 1971. ‘Superman—Das Image eines Comic-Helden’, in Visuelle Kommunikation: Beiträge zur Kritik der Bewusstseinsindustrie, ed. by Hermann K. Ehmer (Cologne: Du Mont), pp. 351–276
- Trepte, Sabine, and Laura S. Loy. 2017. ‘Social Identity Theory and Self‐Categorization Theory’, in The International Encyclopedia of Media Effects, ed. by Patrick Rössler (Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons), pp. 1–13
- Tröhler, Margrit. 1995. ‘Hierarchien und Figurenkonstellationen’, 7th Film- und Fernsehwissenschaftliches Kolloquium, ed. by Britta Hartmann and Eggo Müller (Berlin: Gesellschaft für Theorie und Geschichte audiovisueller Kommunikation), pp. 20–27
- Tröhler, Margrit. 2002. ‘Von Weltenkonstellationen und Textgebäuden: Fiktion–Nichtfiktion–Narration in Spiel- und Dokumentarfilm’, Montage AV, 11.2: 9–41, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/130
- Tröhler, Margrit. 2007. Offene Welten ohne Helden: Plurale Figurenkonstellationen im Film (Marburg: Schüren)
- Tröhler, Margrit, et al. (eds). 1997. ‘Le Personnage au Cinéma. The Filmic Character’, Iris: Revue de Théorie de l’Image et du Son, 24: 15–32
- Truffaut, François. 1966. Le cinema selon Hitchcock (Paris: Robert Laffont)
- Tudor, Andrew. 1989. Monsters and Mad Scientists (Hoboken: Wiley & Sons)
- Tugendhat, Ernst. 1993. Vorlesungen über Ethik (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp)
- Tugendhat, Ernst, and Ursula Wolf. 1993. Logisch-semantische Propädeutik (Stuttgart: Reclam)
- Ubl, Ralph. 2003. ‘Symbol’, in Metzler Lexikon Kunstwissenschaft, ed. by Ulrich Pfisterer (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler), pp. 340–48
- Uhrig, Meike (ed.). 2018. Emotion in Animated Films (London/New York: Routledge)
- Vaeßen, Julia, and Sven Strasen. 2021. ‘A Cognitive and Cultural Reader Response Theory of Character Construction’, in Style and Reader Response: Minds, Media, Methods, ed. by Alice Bell et al. (Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company), pp. 81–98
- Vale, Eugene. 1998. Vale’s Technique of Screen and Television Writing, rev. edn (Boston: Focal Press)
- Valkenburg, Patti M., Peter Jochen, and Joseph B. Walther. 2017. ‘Media Effects: Theory and Research’, Annual Review of Psychology, 67.1: 315–38, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-122414-033608
- Van Beneden, Peter. 1998. ‘Viewer Identification with Characters in Television and Film Fiction’, MCS―The Media and Communication Studies Archive Website, https://web.archive.org/web/20130129160243/http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Students/pjv9801.html
- Van Dijk, Teun A. 1985. ‘Structures of News in the Press’, in Discourse and Communication, ed. by Teun A. Van Dijk (Berlin: De Gruyter), pp. 69–93
- Van Dijk, Teun A. 1997. ‘Cognitive Context Models and Discourse’, in Language Structure, Discourse and the Access to Consciousness, ed. by Maxim I. Stamenov (Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company), pp. 189–226
- Van Dijk, Teun A. 2008. Discourse and Context: A Sociocognitive Approach (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Van Dijk, Teun A. 2015. ‘Critical Discourse Analysis’, in The Handbook of Discourse Analysis, ed. by Deborah Tannen, Heidi E. Hamilton and Deborah Schiffrin (Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons), pp. 466–85
- Van Peer, Willie, and Seymour Benjamin Chatman (eds.). 2001. New Perspectives on Narrative Perspective (New York: SUNY Press)
- Van Reekum, Carien. 2000. Levels of Processing in Appraisal: Evidence from Computer Game Generated Emotions. Dissertation, University of Geneva. https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:96
- Vermeule, Blakey. 2010. Why Do We Care about Literary Characters? (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press)
- Voci, Alberto. ‘Decategorization’, in Encyclopedia of Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, ed. by John M. Levine and Michael A. Hogg (Los Angeles: SAGE), pp. 185–87
- Vogel, Matthias. 2001. Medien der Vernunft: eine Theorie des Geistes und der Rationalität auf Grundlage einer Theorie der Medien (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp)
- Vogler, Christopher. 1992. The Writer’s Journey: Mythic Structures for Screenwriters and Storytellers (Studio City: M. Wiese Productions)
- Volkmann, Laurenz. 1998. ‘Archetypentheorie (archetypal criticism)’, in Metzler Lexikon Literatur- und Kulturtheorie, ed. by Ansgar Nünning (Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler), pp. 21–23
- Volli, Ugo. 2002. Semiotik: Eine Einführung in ihre Grundbegriffe (Tübingen/Basle: Francke)
- Von Mossner, Alexa Weik (ed.). 2014. Moving Environments: Affect, Emotion, Ecology, and Film (Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press), https://doi.org/10.51644/9781771120036
- Vorderer, Peter (ed.). 1996. Fernsehen als ‘Beziehungskiste’ Parasoziale Beziehungen und Interaktionen mit TV-Personen (Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag)
- Vorderer, Peter, Hans Jürgen Wulff, and Mike Friedrichsen (eds). 1996. Suspense: Conceptualizations, Theoretical Analyses, and Empirical Explorations (Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum)
- Voss, Christiane. 2006. ‘Zur Konstitution der Phänomenalität cinematografischer Illusion’, Ästhetische Erfahrung: Gegenstände, Konzepte, Geschichtlichkeit, https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/18970
- Walcutt, Charles Child. 1966. Man’s Changing Mask: Modes and Methods of Characterization in Fiction (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press)
- Walsh, Colleen. 2017. ‘Bogie, Bergman, and the Brattle’, The Harvard Gazette, 23 February, https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2017/02/bogie-bergman-and-the-brattle/
- Walsh, Anthony. 1996. Theories of Personality, http://www.sruweb.com/~walsh/intro_unit_five.html (accessed 31 January 2006, no longer available)
- Walton, Kendall L. 1990. Mimesis as Make-Believe: On the Foundations of Representational Arts (Cambridge: Harvard University Press)
- Ward, Peter. 1996. Picture Composition for Film and Television (Oxford: Focal)
- Watter, Seth Barry. 2023. The Human Figure on Film: Natural, Pictorial, Institutional, Fictional (New York: SUNY Press), https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.18254028
- Weber, Stefan. 2003. ‘Einführung: (Basis-) Theorien für die Medienwissenschaft’, in Theorien der Medien, ed. by Stefan Weber (Constance: UVK), pp. 11–48
- Weimar, Klaus. 1989. Geschichte der deutschen Literaturwissenschaft bis zum Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts (Munich: Fink)
- Weimar, Klaus, and Harald Fricke (eds). 1997. Reallexikon der deutschen Literaturwissenschaft, 3 vols (Berlin/New York: De Gruyter)
- Weinstein, Anna. 2024. Writing Women for Film and Television (London: Routledge)
- Whittock, Trevor. 1990. Metaphor and Film (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
- Wiblé, Zoe. 2024. Fantastikaracters and Folkbiology: A Cognitive Approach to Imaginary Creatures in Fiction Film (unpublished dissertation, University of Kent), https://kar.kent.ac.uk/107398/
- Wiesing, Lambert. 1997. Die Sichtbarkeit des Bildes: Geschichte und Perspektiven der formalen Ästhetik (Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt)
- Williams, Linda. 1991. ‘Film Bodies: Gender, Genre, and Excess’, Film Quarterly, 44.4: 2–13, https://doi.org/10.1515/9781474473224-029
- Williams, Raymond. 2001. The Long Revolution (Peterborough: Broadview Press)
- Wilpert, Gero von. 1989. ‘Figur’, in Sachwörterbuch der Literatur, ed. by Gero von Wilpert (Stuttgart: Kröner), p. 298
- Wilson, George. 2006. ‘Transparency and Twist in Narrative Fiction Film’, in Thinking Through Cinema: Film as Philosophy, ed. by Murray Smith and Thomas E. Wartenberg (Malden/Oxford: John Wiley & Sons), pp. 81–95, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-8529.2006.00231.x
- Wilson, George. 2008. ‘Interpretation’, in The Routledge Guide to Film and Philosophy, ed. by Paisley Livingston and Carl Plantinga (London: Routledge), pp. 162–72, https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203879320.ch15
- Winko, Simone. 2003. Kodierte Gefühle: Zu einer Poetik der Emotionen in lyrischen und poetologischen Texten um 1900 (Berlin: Erich Schmidt)
- Winterhoff-Spurk, Peter. 2005. Kalte Herzen: Wie das Fernsehen unseren Charakter formt (Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta)
- Wirth, Werner, and Holger Schramm. 2007. ‘Emotionen, Metaemotionen und Regulationsstrategien bei der Medienrezeption: Ein integratives Modell’, in Dynamisch-transaktional denken: Theorie und Empirie der Kommunikationswissenschaft, ed. by Werner Wirth, Hans-Jörg Stiehler and Carsten Wünsch (Köln: Herbert von Halem), pp. 153–84
- Withalm, Gloria. 1999. ‘Der Blick des Films auf Film und Kino: Selbstreferentialität und Selbstreflexivität im Überblick’, in Die Zukunft der Kommunikation: Phänomene und Trends in der Informationsgesellschaft, ed. by Michael Latzer (Innsbruck: Studien Verlag), pp. 147–60
- Witte, Erich H. 2002. ‘Gruppe’, in Wörterbuch der Soziologie, ed. by Günter Endruweit and Gisela Trommsdorf, 2nd edn (Stuttgart: UVK/Lucius), pp. 203–09
- Wittgenstein, Ludwig. 1989. Tractatus logico-philosophicus: Tagebücher 1914–1916; Philosophische Untersuchungen I, (Frankfurt a.M.: Suhrkamp)
- Wohl von Haselberg, Lea. 2016. Und nach dem Holocaust? Jüdische Spielfilmfiguren im (west-)deutschen Film und Fernsehen nach 1945 (Berlin: Neofelis)
- Wolf, Werner. 2002. ‘Das Problem der Narrativität in Literatur, bildender Kunst und Musik: Ein Beitrag zu einer intermedialen Erzähltheorie’, in Erzähltheorie transgenerisch, intermedial, interdisziplinär, ed. by Ansgar Nünning and Vera Nünning (Trier: VWT), pp. 23–104
- Wollheim, Richard. 1973. ‘Imagination and Identification’, in On Art and the Mind: Essays and Lectures, ed. by Richard Wollheim (London: Allen Lane), pp. 45–83
- Woloch, Alex. 2003. The One Vs. the Many: Minor Characters and the Space of the Protagonist in the Novel (Princeton: Princeton University Press)
- Writers Guild of America West. n.d. ‘101 Greatest Screenplays: 1 Casablanca’, WGAW Website, https://www.wga.org/writers-room/101-best-lists/101-greatest-screenplays/casablanca
- Wulff, Hans J. 1996. ‘Charaktersynthese und Paraperson: Das Rollenverhältnis der gespielten Fiktion’, in Fernsehen als ‘Beziehungskiste’ Parasoziale Beziehungen und Interaktionen mit TV-Personen, ed. by Peter Vorderer (Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag), pp. 29–48
- Wulff, Hans J. 1999a. Darstellen und Mitteilen: Elemente der Pragmasemiotik des Films (Tübingen: G. Narr)
- Wulff, Hans J. 1999b. ‘Affekt/Mood’, Medienwissenschaft/Kiel: Berichte und Papiere, 5, http://www.uni-kiel.de/medien/moodwulff.html
- Wulff, Hans J. 1999c. ‘Filmanalyse: Eine Arbeitsbibliographie’, Medienwissenschaft/Hamburg: Berichte und Papiere, 21, https://mediarep.org/bitstream/handle/doc/13739/Berichte_021_Wulff_Filmanalyse.pdf?sequence=1
- Wulff, Hans J. 1999d. ‘Held und Antiheld, Prot- und Antagonist: Zur Texttheorie des Heldischen’, Medienwissenschaft/Kiel: Berichte und Papiere, 16
- Wulff, Hans J. 2001a. ‘Empathie als Dimension des Filmverstehens’ (unpublished manuscript, Kiel)
- Wulff, Hans J. 2001b. ‘Figuren und Moral’ (unpublished manuscript, Kiel)
- Wulff, Hans J. 2001c. ‘Konstellationen, Kontrakte und Vertrauen: Pragmatische Grundlagen der Dramaturgie’, Montage AV, 10.2: 131–54, https://www.montage-av.de/pdf/102_2001/10_2_Hans_J_Wulff_Konstellationen_Kontrakte_und_Vertrauen.pdf
- Wulff, Hans J. 2005. ‘Moral und Empathie im Kino: Vom Moralisieren als einem Element der Rezeption’, in Kinogefühle: Emotionalität und Film, ed. by Matthias Brütsch (Marburg: Schüren), pp. 377–94
- Wulff, Hans J. 2006. ‘Attribution, Konsistenz, Charakter: Probleme der Wahrnehmung abgebildeter Personen’, Montage AV, 15.2: 45–62, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/250
- Wulff, Hans J. 2017. Bilder des Alters und des Alterns in Film und Fernsehen. Eine Arbeitsbibliographie (Westerkappeln: DerWulff.de), https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/12810
- Wulff, Hans J., and Institut für Neuere Deutsche Literatur und Medien (eds). n.d. ‘Das Lexikon er Filmbegriffe’, https://filmlexikon.uni-kiel.de/
- Wunderlich, Werner (ed.). 1989. Literarische Symbolfiguren (Bern/Stuttgart: Haupt)
- Wuss, Peter. 1992. ‘Der Rote Faden der Filmgeschichten und seine unbewussten Komponenten: Topik-Reihen, Kausal-Ketten und Story-Schemata: Drei Ebenen filmischer Narration’, Montage AV, 1.1: 25–35, https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/230
- Wuss, Peter. 2009. Cinematic Narration and Its Psychological Impact: Functions of Cognition, Emotion and Play (Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing)
- Yacavone, Daniel. 2015. Film Worlds. A Philosophical Aesthetics of Cinema (New York: Columbia University Press)
- Yanal, Robert J. 1999. Paradoxes of Emotion and Fiction (Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press)
- Young, Skip Dine. 2012. Psychology at the Movies (Malden: John Wiley & Sons)
- Zag, Roland. 2005. Der Publikumsvertrag: Emotionales Drehbuchschreiben mit ‘the human factor’ (Munich: TR-Verlagsunion)
- Zebrowitz, Leslie A. 1990. Social Perception (Buckingham: Open University Press)
- Zerubavel, Eviatar. 1999. Social Mindscapes: An Invitation to Cognitive Sociology, 2nd edn (Cambridge: Harvard University Press)
- Zillmann, Dolf. 1991. ‘Empathy: Affect from Bearing Witness to the Emotions of Others’, in Responding to the Screen: Reception and Reaction Processes, ed. by Jennings Bryant and Dolf Zillmann (Hillsdale: Taylor & Francis), pp. 135–68
- Zillmann, Dolf. 2005. ‘Cinematic Creation of Emotion’, in Moving Image Theory: Ecological Considerations, ed. by Joseph D. Anderson and Barbara Fisher-Anderson (Carbondale: Illinois University Press), pp. 164–79
- Zimbardo, Philip G., and Richard J. Gerrig. 1999. Psychologie, 7th ed. (Berlin/Heidelberg/New York: Springer) [English publication 1996 as: Psychology and Life, 14th ed. (New York: Harper Collins)]
- Zimbardo, Philip G., and Richard J. Gerrig. 2002. ‘Perception’, in Foundations of Cognitive Psychology: Core Readings, Foundations of Cognitive Psychology: Core Readings, ed. by Daniel J. Levitin (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), p. 188
- Zoldnere, Astra. 2025. Representation of Seniors: Re-Performing Stereotypes About Older People in German-Language Fiction Films (2009–2018) (unpublished dissertation, Film University Babelsberg)
- Žižek, Slavoj. 2001. The Fright of Real Tears: Krzystof Kieslowski Between Theory and Post-Theory (London: British Film Institute)
- Žižek, Slavoj. 1995. ‘Kierkegaard in Casablanca’, Der Standard, 21 July 1995, 7
- Zunshine, Lisa. 2006. Why We Read Fiction: Theory of Mind and the Novel (Columbus: Ohio State University Press)
- Zwaan, Rolf A., and Gabriel A. Radvansky. 1998. ‘Situation Models in Language Comprehension and Memory’, Psychological Bulletin, 123.2: 162–85, https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.123.2.162
- Zysk, Kenneth. 2018. ‘The Human Character Types in Ancient India: A Study in the Transmission of Knowledge between Genres in Early Sanskrit Literature’, Indo-Iranian Journal, 61.3: 218–61, https://doi.org/10.1163/15728536-06103005